Chromatography: Elements compounds and mixtures: Chemistry: (9:1)

Chromatography

Separates the components of a mixture based on their solubility

Mobile phase of chromatography

Solvent, which moves up the stationary phase

Stationary phase of chromatography

The substances the mobile phase moves through, usually paper

Rf factor

A measurement of how far components of a mixture moves up a chromatogram

Chromatogram

The chromatography strip at the end of the experiment

Rf formula

distance traveled by spot ÷ distance traveled by solvent

Solvent front

The furthest point reached by the solvent

Rf of the same chemical

Is always the same in the same solvent

Pure substance on chromatogram

Will produce one spot in the same vertical column

Mixtures on a chromatogram

Will produce more than one spot in the same vertical column

A substance moves at different speeds

depending on how attarcted it is to the stationary/mobile phase

Identification of chemicals using chromatography

Compare Rf to known substances in a database

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

A type of chromatography that uses a thin layer of powder on a plate as the stationary phase