Absolute Monarchs Vocabulary

Philip II

King of Spain, was married to Mary Tudor, tried to marry Queen Elizabeth declared spanish armada after Sir Francis Drake robbed spanish ships Spain reached power under his rule

James I

first absolute monarch commissioned a new english translation of the Bible took over throne after Elizabeth difficulty parliament over religion

Charles I

King that dismissed parliament and spent large amounts of money war with parliament caused English Civil War lost and was beheaded

James II

not popular offended people by being catholic overthrown in Glorious Revolution

Charles II

granted Habeas Corpus religiously tolerant invited by Parliament to rule

Oliver Cromwell

English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England (1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator. Round head

William (of Orange) and Mary

King and Queen of England from 1689 to 1702. They were placed on the throne as a result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and ruled as limited monarchs. James II fled because of them

Glorious Revolution

A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange.

Louis XIV

king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715) sun king "I am the state"

Peter the Great

czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government