AP US History Proper Nouns S.1 (unit 1-2)

maize

originally spread by Mexico, supported economic development and social diversification (created jobs, farming -> trade)

American Southwest

in California, pueblo tribe was there

Great Basin

lack of food in the area cause the constant moving of people from area to area

Northeast

(humid, rain caused crops growing on summer) area developed permanent villages

Columbian Exchange

goods that came between the old world to the new world

Western Hemisphere

refers to the new world

caste system

consisted on the belief that more European blood would be better

New World

(referring to North America) lost many people from disease

epidemics

spread by people from the Old World

EX. small pox, malaria, measles

Christianity

caused violence against natives from Europeans in an effort to spread ideas and religion

- Europe is split for this reason at the time (C/P)

feudalism to capitalism

caused by international trade and improvements of technology

-power and money in agriculture to start to invest money

joint-stock system

people investing in companies in order to make more money

Native Americans

used for labor and put into missions by Spanish to spread their religious beliefs

slavery

started when Europeans started feeling superior due to the fact that they were getting stronger due to exploration, conquered tribes from Africa and felt superior

West Africa

tribes were conquered and falling apart, Europeans fell superior causing the first slaves to appear

plantation based

use Indians as a form of labor force to extract metals and resources

hunter-gatherer

economy that favored the development of permanent villages

Mississippi River Valley

used as a form of trasnportation

Northwest

where the Chincok tribe was settled originally

Atlantic Seaboard

some societies were developed here as well as in the Northeast

mineral wealth

facilitated the European shift from feudalism to capitalism

crops and animals

found and traded from the Old World to the New World

encomienda system

first started by Spain to establish control or exploit the native population

Spanish

did not treat natives as well as other Europeans, created the encomienda system and the mission system

French

involved a few Europeans in American and used peaceful trade alliances between tribes to acquire resources (also intermarriage)

Dutch

very similar to French, did not treat natives as bad as Spanish or the English but actually cooperated with them

British

only ones who wanted to establish colonies in America, sent several women and men to America which cased hostile relations with natives

intermarriage

married arrangements for alliances, better business decisions

fur trade

Dutch and French acquired it often through alliances, very treasured by Europeans

economic prosperity

reason for migration to the Americas, gave a financial opportunity to immigrants

religious freedom

immigrants wanted it due to the hostility against people who weren't Christians

-only wanted for themselves tho

Chesapeake

colony with no town meeting or any time of unity

tobacco

used by tribes, became very valuable to Europeans

indentured servants

people agreeing to work for a certain amount of time in America for something in exchange (aprox. 7-5 years)

New England

founded mainly by Puritans, very rigid homogeneous society based on an agricultural and commerce economy

Puritans

thought they were pure and that they practice Christianity in the right way

-not tolerant, wanted own religious freedom

Middle Colonies

religiously and ethically diverse, based economy on tobacco crops which required a lot of work (however, brought few slaves)

cereal crops

Middle Colonies relied on them mainly (ex. tobacco)

tolerance

mainly in the Middle Colonies which was more diverse

Southernmost Atlantic coast

had slavery, grew things especially for selling to market, also where majority of revolts happened

British West Indies

Caribbean islands, used a lot of slave labor

plantations

created to gain control of any type of slaves

enslaved Africans

first acquired because indentured servants kept dying

town meetings

mostly in New England to hear everyone's voice (democratic beginning)

elite planters

people with huge amounts of land

competition

created conflicts between Europeans for resources (small portions of resources, everyone wanted them)

Europe, Africa, Americas trade

also known as Triangular Trade (guns -> slaves -> raw materials)

alliances

only few colonists developed them in order to have peaceful relations with natives

Metacom's War

(1675-18) natives realized that they were taking more land, caused a lot of destructiveness

Pueblo Revolt

(around 1600s?) natives revolting against colonists

Great Awakening

(1739-1740s) European ministers come over and caused Americans to question their decisions and statements

Enlightenment

sparked colonies resistance to imperial control

Anglicization

consisted of more people converting to the English church, led by the Kind

trans-Atlantic print culture

spread European Enlightenment ideas along with Protestant evangelism

Protestant evangelicalism

talked to people to spread their religion

mercantilistic

gave all resources to mother country, colonies did not want it

self-government

one of the reasons of colonial resistance, colonies thought they could do it

chattel

thought slaves were owned by owners

racial system

developed as slavery went on, European superiority based