Exam chapter 3, 4, and 8 mechanical ventilation

What is another term for waveforms?

Scaler

Ventilator work

The work ventilatory muscles perform during inspiration and how muscles can actively assist during exhalation

Pressure-controlled ventilation

The pressure is set to a predetermined level, Leading to a consistently square shape wave form as the pressure remain constant throughout the inspiratory phase

Volume-controlled ventilation

A Predetermined volume is delivered, causing the pressure to rise progressively until the set volume is achieved. Ascending wave form

What is control circuit?

The control circuit is a system that is responsible for the characteristic output with forms

What is an open-loop control circuit?

Is one where the desire output is selected and ventilator achieve the desire output without any further input from the clinician or the ventilator itself

What is the close-loop control circuit?

Is one where that desire output is selected and then the ventilator measures a specific parameter or variable (flow, pressure, or volume) continuously and the input is consistently adjust to match the desire output

A close-loop control circuit may also refer as

Servo-controlled

How many control variables and what are they?

Four variables are pressure, volume, flow, and time

What is pressure controller?

Ventilator controls the transrespiratory system pressure (Airway pressure minus body surface pressure) positive or negative pressure of ventilator

Descending pattern

What is volume controller?

Volume must be measured and used as a feedback signal to control the output (Volume) Delivered.

Constant (square)

What does volume controller do?

Pressure to vary with changes in resistance and compliance while volume delivery remains constant

What is flow controller?

Allow pressure to vary with changes in patients, compliance, and resistance, while directly measuring and controlling flow

What is time controller?

Measured and control inspiratory and expiratory

How many phase variable are there?

4

• The change from expiration to inspiration

• Inspiration

• The change from inspiration to expiration

• Expiration