Chapter 3 Philosophy Review

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28 Terms

1

Anselm

came up with the Ontological argument

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2

Atheism

denial of theism; the view that God or a go does not exist

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3

Agnosticism

a claim of ignorance particularly of religious matters; the claim that Gods existence can be neither proved nor disproved

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4

Anthropomorphism

the attributing of human qualities to a nonhuman entities, especially God

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5

Cosmological Argument

argument for the existence of God that claims that there must be an ultimate casual explanation for why the universe as a totality exists

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6

Design Argument

an argument for the existence of God that claims that the order and purpose manifest in the working of things in the universe require God

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7

Ontological Argument

an argument for the existence of God based on the nature of Gods being

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8

Religious Belief

the doctrines of a religion about the universe and ones relation to the super natural

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9

Theology

the rational study of God, including religious doctrines

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10

Religious Experience

subjective experience interpreted within a religious framework

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11

Teleological Argument

the view that natural organisms have a purpose or are designed to achieve an end; a view that maintains that purpose is inherent in nature and affirms that the universe was either consciously designed for or is operating under some partly conscious, partly unconscious, purpose

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12

St. Augustine

Reality contains within itself every possible kind of being from the lowest kind of inert matter to the highest kind of spirit

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13

George Berkeley

Founder of modern Idealism

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14

Thomas Hobbes

we can know only the measurable aspects of objects, so we can only say that measurable objects exist

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15

Democritus

all real objects are made up of atoms

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16

Immanuel Kant

argued that the ontological argument was flawed because it implies that existence is a characteristic of God to prove the argument/ that existence is a part of the concept

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17

Thomas Aquinas

came up with the cosmological argument based on Aristotles ideas

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18

W.A Dembski

one of Paleys defenders and believers of intelligent design, stated that the specificity and improbability of genes implies that they were produced by God and not by chance

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19

William Paley

supported the design argument

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20

Sigmund Freud

argued that people believe because they have an infantile need to be watched over by a father-like figure

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21

John Hick

argues that evil is necessary because a paradies without pain, suffering, or evil, ethics would be meaningless and people would not be virtuous

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22

Anselm

The archbishop of Cantrerbury offered an argument that relied on reason alone of that the nature of God is the proof of God.

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23

Ernest Nagel

atheism is a form of materialism

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24

Ninian Smart

religion has six dimensions: doctorine, experience, myth, ritual, morality and organization

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25

Ernest Nagel

atheism is a form of materialism

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26

Paul Davies

physcist that pointed out that the laws of the universe seem to be designed in a way that human life could flourish

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27

Rene Descartes

we have in our minds an idea of a perfect God that we could not have made up ourselves, this means he must exist

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28

George Mavrodes

theistic understanding of evolution, teleology played part

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