Chapter 3 Philosophy Review

Anselm

came up with the Ontological argument

Atheism

denial of theism; the view that God or a go does not exist

Agnosticism

a claim of ignorance particularly of religious matters; the claim that Gods existence can be neither proved nor disproved

Anthropomorphism

the attributing of human qualities to a nonhuman entities, especially God

Cosmological Argument

argument for the existence of God that claims that there must be an ultimate casual explanation for why the universe as a totality exists

Design Argument

an argument for the existence of God that claims that the order and purpose manifest in the working of things in the universe require God

Ontological Argument

an argument for the existence of God based on the nature of Gods being

Religious Belief

the doctrines of a religion about the universe and ones relation to the super natural

Theology

the rational study of God, including religious doctrines

Religious Experience

subjective experience interpreted within a religious framework

Teleological Argument

the view that natural organisms have a purpose or are designed to achieve an end; a view that maintains that purpose is inherent in nature and affirms that the universe was either consciously designed for or is operating under some partly conscious, partly unconscious, purpose

St. Augustine

Reality contains within itself every possible kind of being from the lowest kind of inert matter to the highest kind of spirit

George Berkeley

Founder of modern Idealism

Thomas Hobbes

we can know only the measurable aspects of objects, so we can only say that measurable objects exist

Democritus

all real objects are made up of atoms

Immanuel Kant

argued that the ontological argument was flawed because it implies that existence is a characteristic of God to prove the argument/ that existence is a part of the concept

Thomas Aquinas

came up with the cosmological argument based on Aristotles ideas

W.A Dembski

one of Paleys defenders and believers of intelligent design, stated that the specificity and improbability of genes implies that they were produced by God and not by chance

William Paley

supported the design argument

Sigmund Freud

argued that people believe because they have an infantile need to be watched over by a father-like figure

John Hick

argues that evil is necessary because a paradies without pain, suffering, or evil, ethics would be meaningless and people would not be virtuous

Anselm

The archbishop of Cantrerbury offered an argument that relied on reason alone of that the nature of God is the proof of God.

Ernest Nagel

atheism is a form of materialism

Ninian Smart

religion has six dimensions: doctorine, experience, myth, ritual, morality and organization

Ernest Nagel

atheism is a form of materialism

Paul Davies

physcist that pointed out that the laws of the universe seem to be designed in a way that human life could flourish

Rene Descartes

we have in our minds an idea of a perfect God that we could not have made up ourselves, this means he must exist

George Mavrodes

theistic understanding of evolution, teleology played part