Studied by 48 peoplebail
money given over to a court in exchange for a criminal suspect's release from jail until his or her trial begins.
capital punishment
the imposition of the death penalty on a person by the state
civil liberties
basic freedoms guaranteed under the U.S. Constitution, such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion
civil rights
guarantees of equal rights and equal treatment under the law, such as trial by jury and voting rights
double jeopardy
the prosecution of a person a second time for a crime for which the defendant has already been tried once and found not guilty; prohibited under the Fifth Amendment
Equal Protection Clause
a clause in the Fourteenth Amendment declaring that no state may deny "equal protection of the laws" to any person within that state
incorporation
the process by which the Supreme Court applies the Bill of Rights to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
libel
publishing false information about someone with intent to cause harm
obscenity
speech or other forms of expression considered offensive to conventional standards of decency
prior restraint
an attempt by government to prevent the publication or broadcast of material considered harmful
probable cause
reasonable suspicion of criminal behavior
secular
not religious or spiritual in nature
self-incrimination
statements, usually made under oath, suggesting that the person speaking is guilty of a crime
slander
orally spreading false information about someone with intent to cause harm
symbolic speech
conduct that conveys a message without spoken words
Takings Clause
a clause in the Fifth Amendment that prohibits the government from taking private property for public use "without just compensation"
unenumerated rights
rights not specifically listed in the Bill of Rights but given general protection under the Ninth Amendment
warrant
a document issued by a judge that authorizes law enforcement officers to carry out a search, seizure of evidence, or arrest
Note
Flashcard