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Bio/Trace Quiz 2
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1
What type of paint analysis would tend to give the highest evidential value
physical fit
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2
What 3 types of glands found on the skin which can contribute to latent fingermark residue
Eccrine, Sebaceous, Apocrine
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3
Forensic Palynology
spores and pollen
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4
Soil profile
a vertical section through a soil showing the multiple horizontal layers
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5
What is an advantage of visual examination of fingermarks
non-destructive
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6
Fluorescence
absorbs light of a specific wavelength and emits light at a longer wavelength
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7
What treatment is best for wet exhibits
physical developer
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8
inorganic component of GSR
lead, barium, antimony, copper and iron
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9
Ninhydrin colour results
Ruhemann’s purple
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10
Triangle of Interaction
Environment, surface and fingermark composition
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11
Physical properties of glass
refractive index and density
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12
The particular behaviour of the projectile when it meets its target/body
Terminal balistics
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13
Forensic ecology
recovery and analysis of plants from a crime scene
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14
Trichomes
used for plant identification
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15
Photoliths
silica bodies found in plant tissues and vary with species
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16
Palynology
study of pollen
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17
Pollen
has resilient coat (exine) making it resistant to chemical degradation and produced by conifer and angiosperms
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18
Entomophilous
insect-pollinated species
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19
Anemophilous
wind-pollinated species
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20
Hydrophilous
underwater-pollinated species
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21
Types of pollen
pine, willow and dandelion
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22
Pollen sampling
small pinch samples should be taken off the surface soil and stored in an airtight container
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23
Soil
composed of minerals and eroded bits of rock
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24
Soil classification
colour, texture, composition and pH
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25
Diatoms
unicellular algae found in marina and fresh water made of crystallised silica
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26
Basic soil analysis
sieving soil into fractions, different particle sizes will embed into different layers (dry and wet)
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27
Fingermarks
traces left unknowingly by a person on an object (visible, plastic ,latent)
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28
Fingerprint
record or comparison print taken for identification, exclusion or database purposes (loops, arches and whorls)
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29
Loops
60-65% curves around and exits the same side
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30
Whorls
30-35% central pocket loop
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31
Arches
5%
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32
Latent fingermarks
can’t be seen with the naked eye; made from body oil, grease and water
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33
Visible fingermarks
an appropriate substance is transferred by the fingertips onto a suitable surface
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34
Plastic fingermarks
reasonably visible to the naked eye
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35
Visualisation and enhancement
to enhance ridge detail and improve chance of identification
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36
Non-porous substrates
Type of surface that doesn't allow liquids or gases to pass through, such as glass or metal.
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37
Semi-porous substrates
Type of surface that allows some but not all liquids to penetrate. Examples include wood, concrete, and some types of stone.
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38
Porous substrates
Material with small holes or spaces that allow liquids or gases to pass through. Common examples include sponges, filter paper,
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39
Henry system
ten-print classification system
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40
Ninhydrin/DFO
used to reveal prints by reacting with amino acids and amine groups
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41
Physical developer
silver-based aqueous reagent that targets sebaceous components
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42
Superglue (cyanoacrylate) fuming
vapour polymerises on latent fingermarks and white deposit produced
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43
Ballistics
study of projectile and factors affecting them
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44
Gunshot residue (GSR)
a heterogenous cloud of finely divided particles
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45
Internal ballistics
event occurring from ignition to gun barrel
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46
Intermediate ballistics
when projectile leaves muzzle to pressure behind it (muzzle flash, sound)
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47
External ballistics
flight of bullet before it strikes target
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48
Individual characteristics of guns
same weapons bullets, same marks
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49
Range of firing
distance from target and shooter
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50
Lubricants
smoothen movement of projectile
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51
Organic GSR (OGSR)
bases (nitrocellulose, lubricants)
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52
Barrel temperature
200-300 degrees
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53
GSR deposition
found on the hand and body of the shooter
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54
GSR qualitative analysis
colour tests. destructive, large amounts required and unreliable
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55
GSR quantitive analysis
instrument techniques
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56
Contact shot
muzzle imprint can be used to identify shape of barrel and gun
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57
Close range shot
GSR found around central wound , dirt ring formed from grease
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58
Intermediate range shot
Tattooing, depositing of GSR particles under skin of victims
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59
Distance range shot
mistaken for exit wound
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60
Documents class characteristics
writing features common to group or language
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61
Document individual characteristics
letters depart from usual copybook form
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62
Copybook form
the standard
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63
Ballpoint pen mechanism
glycol based; ball-in housing which is attached to an ink chamber
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64
Gel pen mechanism
water based; pigments rather than dyes
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65
Ink gooping
deposition on paper of blob of accumulated ink from a ballpoint pen
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66
Paper
made of cellulose fibres with addition of other components such as binders and optical brighteners
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67
Glass
class of hard brittle materials that are manufactured by cooling melts, consists of silica and other oxides
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68
Annealing
slowly and evenly cooling glass down to normal temperature to stop internal stresses
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69
Annealed glass
simplest form of glass
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70
Toughened glass
resistant to breakage and produces large shards
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71
Fully tempered glass
resistant to breakage and produces small shards
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72
Laminated glass
sandwiched in plastic
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73
Micrometre
use to measure thickness of glass to a high degree
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74
Mohs scale
indicates substances hardness relative to other substances
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75
Compression
pushing down of force
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76
Shear
move in opposite directions
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77
Tensile
a pulling force
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78
Loaded side
side of glass that experiences compression forms tensile strains
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79
Unloaded side
experiences tensile force and forms compression strains
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80
Radial cracks
develop on the exit side
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81
Concentric cracks
form circular patterns and develop on entrance side
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82
Rib marks
come from point of entry and curve away
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83
Refractive index
how the light bends as it enters the glass
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84
Paint
composed of additives, pigments, solvents and binders
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85
collection of paint evidence
suitably sized and separate container
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86
When was MIRSAP introduced
2005
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87
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