rad tech drugs

Analgesics

·      Pain reliever w/o loss of consciousness

·      Tylenol/acetaminophen

Anesthetics

·      Loss of sensation/ general or local

·      Propofol

Antianxiety Agents (benzodiazepines)

·      Mild tranquilizer

·      Valium or Versed

Anti- arrhythmics

·      Treats abnormal heart rhythms

·      Adenosine

Anticonvulsants

·      Prevents and/or controls seizures

·      Carbamazepine

Antibiotics

·      Destroys microorganisms

·      PCN or Cipro

Anticholinergics (antispasmodics)

·      Reduces GI motility or secretions in the respiratory/bronchodilator group

·      Prevents involuntary movement of smooth muscles

·      Ditropan

Anticoagulants

·      Inhibits blood clotting

·      Heparin, Coumadin

Antidepressants

·      Stimulates for brain chemicals (serotonin, dopamine)

·      Mood altering

·      Zoloft, Paxil, Cybalta

Antihistamines

·      Blocks excess histamine secretion

·      Benadryl and Claritin

Antiulcer agents

·      Suppresses gastric acid and/or treats helicobacter pylori which causes infections that result in repeat ulcers

·      Pepcod, Prevacid, Zantac

Antihypertensives

·      Reduces high blood pressure

·      Lopressor, Lisinopril

Anti-inflammatory’s (NSAID)

·      Reduces inflammation

·      Advil/ibroprofen, Motrin, Aleve/naproxen

Antipsychotics

·      Used to treat severe mental disorders (schizophrenia) heavy “calming” effect

·      Haldol, Seroqel

Bronchodilators

·      Relaxes and dilates the respiratory pathways allowing for easier breathing

·      Albuterol, saravent, Advair, epinephrine

Corticosteroids

·      Anti-inflammatory (steroidal hormone)

·      Solu-Cortef, Decadron

Coagulant- control hemorrhage

·      Clot formation (thickens the blood)

·      Mephyton

Diuretics

·      Increases urine output

·      Lasix

Antiemetics

·      Prevent nausea and vomiting

·      Zofran, Reglan

Hormones

·      Increases secretion of activity

·      Premarin

Laxatives

·      Promotes bowel movement

·      Dulcolax

Sedatives

·      Induces relaxation and calmness

·      Diazepam, Ativan

Stimulants

·      Dopamine stimulates the myocardium for increased cardiac output

·      Ritalin, Adderall

Thrombolytics

·      Dissolve blood clots

·      Activase

Vasoconstrictors

·      Constricts blood vessels; raises blood pressure

·      Norepinephrine

Vasodilators

·      Dilates blood vessels

·      Also lowers blood pressure

·      Nitroglycerin

·      Patient age

·      Health status

·      Time of day

·      Emotional state

·      Other drugs in the body

·      Genetic variations

·      Disease state of the body

Factors that influence Drug Action

Minimal sedation

- Pt will respond normally to verbal commands

Moderate sedation

also conscious sedation- depressed response but will respond normally to verbal commands

Deep sedation-

patient cannot be easily aroused, will respond purposefully after repeated painful stimuli

General anesthesia

LOC, cannot be trusted to keep breathing

·      Right drug

·      Right amount

·      Right patient

·      right time

·      Right route (Orally, needle injection, etc)

·      (Right documentation)

The 6 rights of drug administration

Cap

Capsule

Gtt

Drop

Elix

Elixir (fluid medicine)

Supp

Suppository (up the butt or vagina)

Susp

Suspension (in some kind of liquid, powder added to it) have to shake it

Tab

Tablet (can be broken into halves)

TOP

topical (ointment)

R

rectal

Subcu

Subcutaneous (just under the skin)

Transdermal

through the skin (patches)(wear gloves)

Oral

needs to go through the intestine, GI tract

Solutions

- Iv bag, IV injections, sterilization

Intramuscular

90 degrees into the muscle

Subcutaneous

angle at 45 degrees

ID (intradermal)-

 within the dermis, 10-15 degrees

Epidural

- to have a baby to numb

Intraosseous

into the bone

Intraventricular

- injection into the heart or brain

Intracapsular (arthrograms)-

injecting contrast into the capsule of the joint

Buccal

should rest inside the pocket of the cheek or mouth

Sublingual

capsule under the tongue

·      Patient name, room number, address, and ID number

·      Drug name

·      Dosage

·      Dosage form

·      Route of administration

·      Date order is written

·      Signature of prescriber

Characteristics of Valid Prescription