anatomical posistions set

Flexion

Bending a joint or decreasing the angle between two bones

Extension

Straightening a joint or increasing the angle between two bones

Hyperextension

Excessive extension of a joint beyond anatomical position

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline of the body

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body

Pronation

Turning the arm or foot downward (palm or sole facing down)

Supination

Turning the arm or foot upward (palm or sole facing up)

Retraction

Moving a body part backward

Protraction

Moving a body part forward

Elevation

Raising a body part

Depression

Lowering a body part

Rotation

Turning a body part on a single axis

Circumduction

Circular, tri-planar movement at a joint (e.g., hip or shoulder)

External Rotation

Rotation of a limb away from the midline

Internal Rotation

Rotation of a limb toward the midline

Lateral Flexion

Side-bending left or right

Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Eversion

Turning the sole of the foot outward

Dorsiflexion

Movement bringing the foot toward the shin

Plantarflexion

Movement pointing the foot downward

Radial Deviation

Movement of the wrist toward the radius (lateral side)

Ulnar Deviation

Movement of the wrist toward the ulna (medial side)

Opposition

Movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand