transplantation (copy)

ABO Blood Group Antigens

Antigens expressed on the surface of red blood cells that determine blood type.

Isohemagglutinin Antibody

Antibody isotype IgM that recognizes ABO blood group antigens.

Classical Complement

Activation of the complement system in the presence of mismatched ABO grafts.

Universal Donor

Blood type O, as it can donate to all blood types.

Universal Recipient

Blood type AB, as it can receive blood from all blood types.

Grafted organ

Organ transplanted into a recipient's body

Graft Thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot in the transplanted organ

Chronic rejection

Gradual failure of a transplanted organ due to immune responses

Acute rejection

Rapid rejection of a transplanted organ by the recipient's immune system

Serum creatinine

Blood test marker for kidney function

Xenograft

Transplantation of tissue from one species to another

ABO incompatibility

Mismatch between the blood types of the donor and recipient

HLA compatibility

Matching of HLA types between donor and recipient to minimize acute rejection in transplants.

Mixed lymphocyte reaction

A test quantifying T cell activation by measuring recipient cell proliferation when exposed to potential donor cells, primarily used for living donors.

Crossmatch test

A test performed to detect anti-donor HLA antibodies that could lead to graft rejection.

Anti-IL-2R antibody

Antibody that blocks the binding of IL-2 to its receptor, minimizing acute rejection in transplants.

Calcineurin inhibitors

Drugs like Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus that prevent or treat acute rejection by inhibiting NFAT activity.

Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD)

Condition where donor cells attack recipient tissues, often seen in bone marrow transplants.

Immunosuppression

The suppression of the immune system to prevent rejection in transplants.