AP Psych List 1 VOCAB

Mary Calkins

First female APA President

Charles Darwin

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

Dorothea Dix

A reformer and pioneer in the movement to treat the insane as mentally ill, beginning in the 1820's, she was responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses and insane asylums throughout the U.S. and Canada. She succeeded in persuading many states to assume responsibility for the care of the mentally ill. She served as the Superintendant of Nurses for the Union Army during the Civil War.

Signumd Freud

Founder of psychoanalysis; believed the unconscious mind (containing repressed thoughts and desires) drives behavior; developed concepts like the id, ego, superego, and psychosexual stages.

G. Stanley Hall

american psychologist who established the first psychology research laboratory in the United States and founded the American Psychological Association

William James

helping to found psychology as a formal discipline, for establishing the school of functionalism in psychology, and for greatly advancing the movement of pragmatism in philosophy."The Father of American Psych"

Wilhelm Wundt

german physiologist who founded psychology as a formal science; opened first psychology research laboratory in 1879

Plato - Psychology

human beings only do what we believe to be the best of the things we can do, so that all wrongdoing is due to ignorance and is therefore involuntary

Socrates - Psychology

Believed mind separable from body (dualism), further believing that the mind continues after death. He also viewed knowledge as built from within. Would say things were part of your genetics. Prescientific.

Structuralism

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind. (simple components)

how they adapt step by step, in a cognitive process.

Functionalism

A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.

Behaviorism

learned and reinforced patterns, things we are conditioned to do

Gestalt

This approach emphasizes understanding the mind and behavior as a whole, rather than breaking it down into parts, promoting a holistic view of perception.

Psychoanalytic

a psychological theory and method of therapy that focuses on the unconscious mind and how it influences behavior. The goal of psychoanalysis is to help people understand and release repressed emotions and experiences.

Founded by Freud, this approach emphasizes understanding the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior, which includes analyzing consciousness.

Humanistic

a psychological perspective that focuses on the individual's potential, free will, and subjective experiences. It emphasizes the importance of self-image, inner feelings, and conscious choices in shaping behavior. (uniqueness)

This perspective emphasizes self-actualization and personal development, focusing on the inherent drive towards growth and creativity

Evolutionary

a branch of psychology that studies how human behavior, thoughts, and emotions are influenced by evolution. It's based on the idea that natural selection shaped the human brain to help our ancestors survive and reproduce.

This approach examines how evolutionary principles shape psychological traits and behaviors, focusing on adaptation.

Biological

the science that deals with the biological basis of behavior, thoughts, and emotions and the reciprocal relations between biological and psychological processes.

the study of how the brain and nervous system affect behavior and mental processes. It's a branch of neuroscience that examines the biological bases of human experience? consciousness?

Cognitive

the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension. Some of the many different processes include thinking, knowing, remembering, judging, and problem-solving.

This field studies mental processes, including perception, and how individuals interpret and understand their environment.?

Biopsychosocial

approach systematically considers biologicctal, psychological, and social factors and their complex interaions in understanding health, illness, and health care delivery.

a way of understanding health and illness by considering the biological, psychological, and social factors that affect a person.

Sociocultural

studies how social and cultural factors affect a person's behavior and thinking. It considers how people's thoughts and actions differ across cultures and situations.\

This domain examines how cultural and social contexts influence behavior and mental processes, highlighting the interaction between individuals and their social environments.

Biological Domain

the study of how biological factors like brain structure, neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics influence our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Cognitive Domain

a category that organizes mental processes like memory, perception, and critical thinking. These domains help us understand how we learn and think.

referring to the different levels of cognitive abilities, like remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating, as defined by Bloom's Taxonomy. ?

Counseling Domain

a field of psychology that focuses on helping people improve their mental and physical health, and their ability to function in their lives

Devlopmental Domian

This field studies how individuals grow and change throughout their lives, from infancy to old age, emphasizing that development is a lifelong process

Educational Domain

the study of how people learn and retain information, especially in educational settings

This domain applies psychological principles to understand how people learn and the best practices for teaching.

Experimental Domain

concerned with testing theories of human thoughts, feelings, actions, and beyond – any aspect of being human that involves the mind.

Industriral-Organizational Domain

the scientific study of human behavior in organizations and the work place.

This area applies psychological principles to workplace settings, examining how mental processes affect work behavior and productivity.

Personality Domain

refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways.

This area studies the variations in individual traits and characteristics, focusing on how these differences influence behavior.

Psychometric Domain

the field in psychology devoted to testing, measurement, assessment and related activities.

This area focuses on the measurement of psychological variables, including personality traits and cognitive abilities, using various assessment tools.

Social Domain

the study of human groups and interaction, the development and analysis of personality, the experience and interpretation of emotion, and motivation.

This field studies how individuals influence and are influenced by others in social contexts, focusing on interactions and relationships.

Positive Domain

a branch of psychology focused on the character strengths and behaviors that allow individuals to build a life of meaning and purpose—to move beyond surviving to flourishing.

This field focuses on the positive aspects of human experience, such as happiness, well-being, and personal strengths