Clap Class Final Exam

Name the three locales where you would hear live music in the 13th century

Church, court, and villages

For what types of musical composition is Mozart particularly well known?

Operas and symphonies

What is an opus number?

Chronological order of composer’s music

What are the two most important innovations of music?

Notation and recorded music, also internet and streaming

What composer used the wax cylinder phonograph to make field recordings?

Bartok

What is an ethnomusicologist?

Someone who studies music from different cultures, field recordings (culturally interesting parts of world)

What type of records did a Victrola play (identified by rpm) and what were these records made of?

Played 78 rpm record, made of shellac

What does stereophonic mean?

Two separate speakers for two separate ears, depth perception, recordings that give the perception of space

What type of jazz was considered “pop” music in the 1940s? What one one expect to do at a “concert” of this type of music?

Swing music (big band), Expect to dance at the concert

Fred Astaire made recordings as a vocalist. What else did he do that was important? Who was his female partner?

He was a dancer as well as a vocalist. His partner was Ginger Rogers

Mark highly recommends that everyone should know and listen this highly regarded jazz singer from the 1930s and 40s (easy to love)

Billie Holiday

Name a song recorded by Elvis. Rock and Roll was based on what style of music that was also popular in the 1930s (Bessie Smith)?

Hound Dog, Jailhouse Rock, Unchained Melody. Rock and Roll was based on blues

In what city was the record label Motown located? What does the name “Motown” refer to? Name one of the many artists that was signed to this label.

Motown was located in Detroit. Refers to Motor City because cars were made in Detroit. The Temptations, Elvis Presley, The Jackson 5 and Queen Latifah were signed with Motown.

In Taylor Swift’s recording “Fearless,” the bridge is an uneven phrase. Give two musical expressive reasons why she would do that?

The B section is for contrast and emphasizing the meaning of the song with the word “fearless”

Jazz is an American art form. In which community in which city did Jazz originate?

New Orleans, Louisiana in the African American community

Early ragtime performers were itinerant musicians that toured the country. Name the musician/ composer that was the most well known (named first of the “big three”).

Scott Joplin

What is syncopation?

notes that are off of the beat

What was a typical instrumentation of a swing band?

5 saxophones, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones. The rhythm section is drums, bass, guitar and piano.

What is a triad (chord)?

Three notes stacked in thirds

Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 is also known by what name? The text to the vocal part known as “Ode to Joy” is a call for what?

It is known as the choral symphony. The “Ode to Joy” is a call for brotherly love.

The wedding music known as “The Bridal Chorus” was from what opera? Who wrote that opera?

It was from Lohengrin written by Wagner

A Habernera is similar to the music from what social dance form? The Habernera we listened to is from what opera? Who wrote that opera?

It is similar to the tango dance form. It is from the opera Carmen written by french composer Bizet

What is an opus number?

Order in which a piece is published

What was the most powerful institution in Medieval Europe?

Catholic Church

About what year did Hildegard von Bingen live? Other than music, what did she write about?

1100, She wrote about science and medicine

What is difference between monophony and polyphony?

Mono: single line Poly: multiple line of music played at the same time

What is a drone?

Continuous tone that accompanies a piece, simple accompaniment

Why is a bladder pipe called a bladder pipe?

Has a pigs bladder apart of the mouthpiece

Name musical devices that could be used to enhance monophonic music.

Drone, Rhythm Instrument, Melody doubled by one or more instruments or voice

What is the literal meaning of the musical device called Hocket?

Hiccup

In what city, in what country did the renaissance begin?

Florence, Italy

What is the renaissance concept of the consort?

Group of musical instruments in the same family

Name three types of consorts we listened to on recordings in class

Strings, recorders, brass

Who published Terpischore? What does that publication include? Who is Terpsichore?

Praetorius published terpischore. The publication included over 300 dance pieces. Terpsichore is the god of dance and poetry; greek and roman culture

What was added to the stage for performances during the reign of Louis XIII?

What three skills did Louis the XIV practice every morning?

Dancing, Fencing and Vaulting

In his court, Louis XIV made a strong connection between etiquette and what?

Dance

In 1661 Louis XIV founded the royal academy of dance. The purpose of the academy was to “restore the art of dancing to its first perfection,” but, more importantly, it was too…….

impose tight discipline at the court, control

In Louis’ court, specific movements had meaning. What was the meaning of plié? What was the meaning of turnout?

The meaning of plié was to show humility. The meaning of turnout was to show ease, elegance, grace, dignity, and nobility.

Who was Jean-Baptiste Lully?

Violinist, composer, dancer- did all the dance, theater, music, opera.

Name one of Lully’s contributions

Introduced the minuet (social dance, theater dance)

Lully’s new type of opera, tradedie en musique, always began with what standard opening. What is the form of the formalized piece of music? What type of rhythm was featured in this type of piece?

French Overture, ABA, dotted rhythm for bounciness

In what year did Bach die?

1750- Baroque period

Pulse

steady beat

Meter

regular grouping of beats

Metric Accent

the accent that determines the meter

Measure

grouping of beats

Phrase

grouping of measures

Adagio

at ease

Allegro

fast

Outline the components of informed listening

Instrumentations,

texture (layers),

meter > phrases > form,

character (feeling)

Pop Music formal expectations

Verse-chorus-bridge,

verse: changes lyrics,

chorus: repeats same lyrics,

bridge: contrasting section,

consistent meter,

square phrases

Jazz Music formal expectations

Large Form:

Melody (AABA)

Improvisation (AABA)

Return to melody (AABA)

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Consistent meter

square phrases

Western European Classical Music

Typical Phrase Structure

A B A       ||:   A   :||:   B  A    :||

The purpose of a B section is to provide contrast

Consistent meter: Phrases are not always square but there is that expectation

Give the complete formal structure of Beethoven’s Für Elise (WoO 59)

Rondo Form

A                     B                A        C        A

||: a :||: ba :||                   aba               aba

Medieval

476 - 1400

Hildegard

Renaissance

1400-1600

Praetorius

Baroque

1600-1750

Bach

Classical

1750-1830

Mozart

Romantic

1830-1900

Tchaikovsky

20th Century

1900-2000

Stravinsky

Modern

2000- present

When was music notation developed?

800

When was Hildegard von Bingen alive and what was significant about that period of time?

1100 and Cultural revitalization

When was polyphonic music first published with moveable type?

1501

When did Bach die?

1750

Who is considered a transitional composer from the Classical to the Romantic period?

Beethoven

Who wrote the music for the 1913 ballet The Rite of Spring?

Stravinsky

Who choreographed the 1913 ballet The Rite of Spring?

Nijinsky

In what period did sonata form flourish?

The classical period

In which movement of a large piece is sonata-allegro form likely to be applied?

The 1st movement

What type of dance movement was typically found in a Classical Period symphony? What did Beethoven turn this into.

A menuet (minuet, menuetto). Turned into a scherzo

What are the 3 large sections of sonata-allegro form called?

**Exposition           Development        Recapitulation**

**||: A :||                         B                             A**

1st theme                Drama                  1st theme

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2nd theme                                            2nd theme