Eyes and Ears PPT

What color is a newborn's sclera commonly described as being during the first few weeks?

Blue tinge.

At what distance can newborns typically see clearly?

8-10 inches.

What is the term used for the condition where the eyeball is misaligned?

Strabismus.

What are PE tubes used for in pediatric care?

To equalize pressure and treat chronic otitis media with effusion.

What medication is commonly used to treat acute otitis media bacterially?

Amoxicillin.

What is indicated if a child has purulent discharge from the eye?

Bacterial conjunctivitis requiring antibiotic eye drops.

What should be avoided when teaching parents to administer eye drops to children?

Touching the dropper against the child's eye, eyelashes, or any other surface.

What condition may result from incomplete retinal vascularization in very preterm infants?

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).

Define astigmatism.

An uneven curvature of the cornea or lens that leads to blurry vision.

What is the most common cause of vision loss in children?

Amblyopia (lazy eye).

What management is required for periorbital cellulitis?

IV antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics and warm compresses.

What is the primary treatment goal for otitis externa?

Pain control and treatment of the infection with ear drops.

What symptoms might suggest a child has hearing loss?

No startle to loud noises, poor speech progression, plays alone, and gestures to communicate.

Describe nasal lacrimal duct obstruction in infants.

It is common, generally unilateral, and often resolves spontaneously by 1 year.

What visual defect is characterized by rapid, irregular eye movements?

Nystagmus.

What is acute otitis media?

A bacterial or viral infection of the middle ear fluid.

What is the typical position of the Eustachian tube in infants and how does it affect their health?

Short, wide, and horizontal, increasing the risk of ear infections.

What is the most common inflammatory eye disorder seen in children?

Conjunctivitis (pink eye).

What is the most common age group affected by acute otitis media?

Children between 6 months and 2 years.

What are common symptoms of conjunctivitis?

Redness, itching, and discharge from the eye.

Describe the role of tympanostomy tubes.

They are inserted to allow drainage and ventilation of the middle ear.

What should be the first-line treatment for allergic conjunctivitis?

Antihistamine eye drops.

What can result from untreated otitis media?

Hearing loss and potential speech delay.

What is the primary cause of conjunctivitis in children?

Viral infections, often due to adenoviruses.

What visual sign may indicate a child has strabismus?

One eye may appear to turn in or out.

What is the common treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis in children?

Topical antibiotic eye drops.

What is the effect of otitis media on Eustachian tube function?

Eustachian tube dysfunction can impair drainage, leading to infection.

How long does acute otitis media typically last without treatment?

It can resolve on its own within a few days, but treatment is often recommended.