Functions of the cell membrane

glycolipids

carbohydrate-attached lipids; helps identify/regulate cells

ECM (extracellular matrix)

fills the spaces in between cells/hold animal cells together; helps them communicate with one another

glycoprotein

cell-cell recognition, cell adhesion

diffusion

the process of movement of molecules under a concentration gradient (high con to low con)

osmosis

the flow of water from a high to low concentration

isotonic

equal concentration

peripheral proteins

enzymes

cytoskeleton

infrastructure of the cell

cholesterol

a type of fat/steroid that helps keep the fluidity of cells/ making sure it stays semi-permeable

integral/transfer/channel proteins

proteins with bigger charges go through them

active transport

requires energy/non spontaneous

passive transport

does not require energy

hypertonic solution

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution/cell loses water and contracts making it have a lower water potential

hypotonic solution

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution/cell gains water and swells making it have a higher water potential

water potential

the tendency of water to move from one area to another (usually high to low)