short term memory

STM

• limited duration — 20-30 seconds

• capacity is extremely limited

waugh & norman (1965)

suggests that interference is the primary cause of forgetting, as opposed to decay

retroactive interference

forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered after learning; occurs after an event

proactive interference

forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered before learning; occurs before an event

memory span

the number of correct items that peple can immediately recall from a sequence of items

higher capacuty estimates

• problem solving

• fluid intelligence

• reduced interference on a stroop task

• reduced cocktail party effect

• proactive control

• better control of attention

self-terminating search

a search that stops as soon as the test item is successfully matched to an item in the memory set

exhausative search

a search that continues until the test item is compared with all items in the memory set

phonological loop

is responsible for maintaining and manipulating speech-based information

visuospatital sketchpad

responsible for maintaining and manipulating visual or spatial information

central executive

responsible for selecting strategies and integrating information

episodic buffer

serves as a limited capacity store that can integrate information from the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop