Pharmacology - Exam 5

One patient has cancer of the bone. Another has cancer in the connective tissues of the thigh muscles. A third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues. Which of these is the correct term for these tumors?

A. Sarcoma

B. Leukemia

C. Carcinoma

D. Lymphoma

A patient is receiving her third course of 5-fluouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of anti-neoplastic therapy. What will the nurse teach her about managing this problem?

A. You can take aspirin to prevent stomatitis

B. Be sure to watch for and report black tarry stools immediately

C. You need to increase your intake of food containing fiber and citric acid

D. Be sure to examine your mouth daily for bleeding, painful areas, and ulcerations

D. Be sure to examine your mouth daily for bleeding, painful areas, and ulcerations

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient who is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects, including anorexia and nausea, after the first course of antineoplastic therapy. What is an appropriate outcome for this patient when dealing with this problem?

A. The patient will eat three balanced meals a day within two days.

B. The patient will return to normal eating pattern within four weeks.

C. The patient will maintain normal weight by consuming healthy snacks as tolerated.

D. The patient will maintain a diet of small, frequent feedings with nutrition supplements during therapy.

D. The patient will maintain a diet of small, frequent feedings with nutrition supplements during therapy.

When giving dextromethorphan, the nurse understands that this drug suppresses the cough reflex by which mechanism of action?

a. Causing depression of the central nervous system

b. Anesthetizing the stretch receptors

c. Having direct action on the cough center

d. Decreasing the viscosity of the bronchial secretions

c. Having direct action on the cough center

During a routine checkup, a patient states that she is unable to take the prescribed antihistamine because of one of its most common adverse effects. The nurse suspects that which adverse effect has been bothering this patient?

A. Constipation

B. Abdominal cramps

C. Drowsiness

D. Decreased libido

C. Drowsiness

A gardener needs a decongestant because of sinus problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

A. Immediate onset

B. A more potent effect

C. Lack of rebound congestion

D. Shorter duration

C. Lack of rebound congestion

A patient is taking guafenicin as part of treatment for a sinus infection. Which instruction will the nurse include during patient teaching?

A. Increase fluid intake to help loosen and liquefy secretions.

B. Report clear colored sputum to the prescriber.

C. Avoid driving a car or operating heavy machinery because of the sedating effects.

D. Report symptoms that last longer than two days.

A. Increase fluid intake to help loosen and liquefy secretions.

The nurse will instruct patients about a possible systemic effect that may occur if excessive amounts of topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestants are used. Which systemic effect may occur?

A. Heartburn

B. Bradycardia

C. Drowsiness

D. Palpitations

D. Palpitations

A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing excess thick mucus from the respiratory tract. The nurse expects that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal of mucus?

a. guafenicin

b.  benzonatate

c. diphenhydramine

d. dextromethorphan

a. guafenicin

A patient has been advised to add an adrenergic decongestant nasal spray to treat a cold. The nurse will include which instruction?

A. You won't see effects for at least one week.

B. Limit use of this spray to three to five days.

C. Continue the spray until nasal stuffiness has resolved.

D. Avoid use of this spray if a fever develops.

B. Limit use of this spray to three to five days.

A patient asks the nurse about the uses of the herbal product Echinacea. Which use will the nurse include in the response?

A. Memory enhancement

B. Boosting the immune system

C. Improving mood

D. Promoting relaxation

B. Boosting the immune system

When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include which instructions? Select all that apply.

A. Antihistamines are generally safe to take with over-the-counter medications.

B. Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption of the drug.

C. Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress.

D. Drink extra fluids if possible.

E. Antihistamines may cause restlessness and disturbed sleep.

F. Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are tolerated.

C. Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress.

D. Drink extra fluids if possible.

F. Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are tolerated.

A patient tells the nurse that she wants to start taking the herbal product Goldenseal to improve her health. The nurse will assess for which potential cautions or contraindications to Goldenseal. Select all that apply.

A. Taking a proton pump inhibitor.

B. Nasal congestion.

C. Hypothyroidism.

D. Taking an antihypertensive drug.

E. Sinus infections.

F. Pregnancy.

A. Taking a proton pump inhibitor.

D. Taking an antihypertensive drug.

F. Pregnancy.

A child will be receiving diphenhydramine, also known as Benadryl, 5 mg per kg per day, in divided doses, every 6 hours. The child weighs 80 lbs. Identify how many mg of medication will the child receive with each dose. Record answer using one decimal place.

45.5 mg per dose

A patient will be receiving diphenhydramine via a PEG tube, 25mg every 8 hours for an allergic rash. The medication is available as a 12.5mg per 5mL syrup. Identify how many mL will the nurse administer with each dose.

10 mL per dose

A patient is taking intravenous aminophylline for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will assess for which therapeutic response.

A. Increased sputum production

B. Increased heart rate

C. Increased respiratory rate

D. Increased ease of breathing

D. Increased ease of breathing

A patient is taking a xanthine derivative as part of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effects associated with the use of xanthine derivatives.

A. Diarrhea.

B. Palpitations.

C. Bradycardia.

D. Drowsiness.

B. Palpitations.

A patient is in an urgent care center with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects that which medication will be used for initial treatment.

A. An anticholinergic, such as ipratopium

B. A short-acting beta-2 agonist, such as Albuterol.

C. A long-acting beta-2 agonist, such as Salmeterol.

D. A corticosteroid, such as Fluticasone.

B. A short-acting beta-2 agonist, such as Albuterol.

The prescriber has changed the patient's medication regimen to include the leukotriene receptor antagonist, LTRA, montelukast, to treat asthma. The nurse will emphasize which point about this medication.

A. The proper technique for inhalation must be followed.

B. The patient needs to keep it close by at all times to treat acute asthma attacks.

C. It needs to be taken every day on a continuous schedule even if symptoms improve.

D. When the asthma symptoms improve, the dosage schedule can be tapered and eventually discontinued.

C. It needs to be taken every day on a continuous schedule even if symptoms improve.

After receiving a nebulizer treatment with beta agonist, the patient states she is feeling slightly nervous and wonders if her asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best response?

A. This is an expected adverse effect. Let me take your pulse.

B. The next scheduled nebulizer treatment will be skipped.

C. I will notify the physician about this adverse effect.

D. We will hold the treatment for 24 hours.

A. This is an expected adverse effect. Let me take your pulse.

A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator and the other is a corticosteroid. Which instruction regarding these inhalers will the nurse give to the patient?

A. Take the corticosteroid inhaler first.

B. Take the bronchodilator inhaler first.

C. Take these two drugs at least two hours apart.

D. It does not matter which inhaler you use first.

B. Take the bronchodilator inhaler first.

When educating a patient recently placed on inhaled corticosteroids, the nurse will discuss which potential adverse effects.

A. Fatigue and depression.

B. Anxiety and palpitations.

C. Headache and rapid heart rate.

D. Oral candidiasis and dry mouth.

D. Oral candidiasis and dry mouth.

The nurse is monitoring drug levels for a patient who is receiving theophylline. The most recent theophylline level was 22 MCG/ML, and the nurse evaluates this level to be

A. Below the therapeutic level

B. At a therapeutic level

C. Above the therapeutic level

D. At a toxic level

C. Above the therapeutic level

When evaluating a patient's use of a metered dose inhaler, or MDI, the nurse notes that the patient is unable to coordinate the activation of the inhaler with her breathing. What intervention is most appropriate at this time?

A. Notify the prescriber that the patient is unable to use the MDI.

B. Obtain an order for a peak flow meter.

C. Obtain an order for a spacer device.

D. Ask the prescriber if the medication can be given orally.

C. Obtain an order for a spacer device.

The nurse is providing instruction about Fluticasone Propionate, and Salmeterol combination inhaler. Which statement about this inhaler is accurate?

A. It is indicated for the treatment of acute bronchospasms.

B. It needs to be used with a spacer for best results.

C. Patients need to avoid drinking water for one hour after taking this drug.

D. It is used for the prevention of bronchospasms.

D. It is used for the prevention of bronchospasms.

The nurse is reviewing medications for the treatment of asthma. Which drugs are used for quick relief of asthma attacks? Select all that apply.

A. Salmeterol inhaler

B. Albuterol nebulizer solution

C. Intravenous systemic corticosteroids

D. Montelukast

E. Fluticasone inhaler

B. Albuterol nebulizer solution

C. Intravenous systemic corticosteroids

The nurse is providing instructions to a patient who has a new prescription for a corticosteroid metered dose inhaler. Which statement by the patient indicates that further instruction is needed? Select all that apply.

A. I will rinse my mouth with water after using the inhaler and then spit out the water.

B. I will gargle after using the inhaler and then swallow.

C. I will clean the plastic inhaler casing weekly by removing the canister and then washing the casing in warm soapy water. I will then let it dry before reassembling.

D. I will use this inhaler for asthma attacks.

E. I will continue to use this inhaler even if I am feeling better.

F. I will use a peak flow meter to measure my response to therapy.

B. I will gargle after using the inhaler and then swallow.

D. I will use this inhaler for asthma attacks.

A patient has a metered dose inhaler that contains 200 actuations, or puffs, and it does not have a dose counter. He is to take two puffs two times a day. If he does not take any extra doses, identify how many days will this inhaler last at the prescribed dose.

50 days

200 total puffs ÷ 4 puffs per day = 50 days

A patient will be receiving oral theophylline, 600 mg per day, in three divided doses. Identify how many mg the patient will receive per dose.

200 mg per dose

The nurse is reviewing the therapeutic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs, which include which effect?

A. Anxiolytic

B. Sedative

C. Antipyretic

D. Antimicrobial

C. Antipyretic

A patient is taking the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin as treatment for pericarditis. The nurse will teach the patient to watch for which adverse effect?

A. Tachycardia

B. Nervousness

C. Nausea and vomiting

D. Dizziness

C. Nausea and vomiting

A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol for two months. The nurse will monitor laboratory results for which therapeutic effect.

A. Decreased uric acid levels.

B. Decreased prothrombin time.

C. Decreased white blood cell count.

D. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.

A. Decreased uric acid levels.

The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Which instruction will the nurse include during the teaching session?

A. Fluids should be restricted while on colchicine therapy.

B. Take colchicine with meals.

C. The drug will be discontinued when symptoms are reduced.

D. Call your doctor if you have increased joint pain or blood in the urine.

D. Call your doctor if you have increased joint pain or blood in the urine.

A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children.

A. Photosensitivity and nervousness.

B. Tinnitus and hearing loss.

C. Acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

D. Hyperventilation and drowsiness.

D. Hyperventilation and drowsiness.

A 6-year-old child who has chicken pox also has a fever of 102.9°F or 39.4°C. The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse?

A. It's best to wait to see if the fever gets worse.

B. You can use the aspirin, but watch for worsening symptoms.

C. Acetaminophen should be used to reduce his fever, not aspirin.

D. You can use aspirin, but be sure to follow the instructions on the bottle.

C. Acetaminophen should be used to reduce his fever, not aspirin.

The patient has used enteric aspirin for several years as treatment for osteoarthritis. However, the symptoms are now worse and she is given a prescription for a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and misoprostol, also called Cytotec. The patient asks the nurse, Why am I now taking two pills for arthritis? What is the nurse's best response?

A. Cytotec will also reduce the symptoms of your arthritis.

B. Cytotec helps the action of the inset so that it will work better.

C. Cytotec reduces the mucous secretions in the stomach, which reduces gastric irritation.

D. Cytotec may help to prevent gastric ulcers that may occur in patients taking NSAIDS.

D. Cytotec may help to prevent gastric ulcers that may occur in patients taking NSAIDS.

A patient who has a history of coronary artery disease has been instructed to take one 81-mg aspirin tablet a day. The patient asks about the purpose of this aspirin. Which response by the nurse is correct?

A. Aspirin is given to reduce anxiety.

B. It helps to reduce inflammation.

C. Aspirin is given to relieve pain.

D. It will help to prevent clot formation.

D. It will help to prevent clot formation.

During assessment of a patient with osteoarthritis pain, the nurse knows that which condition is a contraindication to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs.

A. Renal disease

B. Diabetes mellitus

C. Headaches

D. Rheumatoid arthritis

A. Renal disease

The nurse notes in a patient's medication history that the patient is taking allopurinol. Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?

A. Rheumatoid arthritis

B. Gout

C. Osteoarthritis

D. Systemic lupus erythematosus

B. Gout

A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking a glucosamine chondroitin supplement for arthritis. The nurse reviews the medication history and notes that there will be a concern for drug interactions if the patient is also taking medications for which disorder?

A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

B. Hypothyroidism

C. Hypertension

D. Angina

A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, also known as NSAID, to treat tendonitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? Select all that apply.

A. Vitamin K deficiency.

B. Arthralgia.

C. Peptic ulcer disease.

D. Documented aspirin allergy.

E. Pericarditis.

A. Vitamin K deficiency.

C. Peptic ulcer disease.

D. Documented aspirin allergy.

A 75-year-old woman has been given a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, also known as an NSAID, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID. Select all that apply.

A. Antibiotics

B. Decongestants

C. Anticoagulants

D. Beta-blockers

E. Diuretics

F. Corticosteroids

C. Anticoagulants

E. Diuretics

F. Corticosteroids

There is a new order for naproxen 250mg PO twice daily. The drug is available as an oral suspension that contains 125mg per 5mL. Identify how many mL the nurse will administer for one dose of this medication.

10 mL per dose

A patient is receiving high doses of methotrexate and is experiencing severe bone marrow suppression. The nurse expects which intervention to be ordered with this drug to reduce this problem?

A. A transfusion of whole blood

B. Leucovorin rescue

C. Therapy with filgrastim

D. Administration of allopurinol

B. Leucovorin rescue

A patient who has been on methotrexate therapy is experiencing mild pain. The patient is asking for aspirin for the pain. The nurse recognizes that which of these is true in this situation.

A. The aspirin will aggravate diarrhea.

B. The aspirin will mask signs of infection.

C. Aspirin can lead to methotrexate toxicity.

D. The aspirin will cause no problems for the patient on methotrexate.

D. The aspirin will cause no problems for the patient on methotrexate.

The nurse is teaching about infection prevention measures with a patient who is receiving antineoplastic drug therapy. During a teach-back session, which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?

A. I will avoid those who have recently had a vaccination.

B. I will eat only fresh fruits and raw vegetables.

C. I will report a sore throat, cough, or low-grade temperature.

D. It is important for both my family and me to practice good hand-washing.

B. I will eat only fresh fruits and raw vegetables.

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of a patient who has received chemotherapy, the loss of which blood cell leads to lack of energy, fatigue, intolerance of activity, and hypoxemia.

A. White blood cells

B. Red blood cells

C. Platelets

D. Albumin

B. Red blood cells

A patient is receiving irinotecan along with other antineoplastic drugs as treatment for ovarian cancer. The nurse will monitor for which potentially life-threatening adverse effect that is associated with this drug.

A. Severe stomatitis

B. Bone marrow suppression

C. Delayed-onset cholinergic diarrhea

D. Immediate and severe nausea and vomiting

C. Delayed-onset cholinergic diarrhea

The nurse is monitoring a patient who has severe bone marrow suppression following antineoplastic drug therapy, which is considered a principal early sign of infection.

A. Fever

B. Diaphoresis

C. Tachycardia

D. Elevated white blood cell count

A. Fever

A patient diagnosed with lymphoma has an allergy to one of the proposed chemotherapy drugs. The tumor has not responded to other types of treatment. The nurse expects the oncologist to follow with which course of treatment.

A. The physician will choose another drug to use.

B. The chemotherapy will be given along with supportive measures to treat a possible allergic reaction.

C. The patient will receive reduced doses of chemotherapy for a longer period of time.

D. The chemotherapy cannot be given because of the patient's allergy

B. The chemotherapy will be given along with supportive measures to treat a possible allergic reaction.

During treatment of a patient who has breast cancer, the nurse hears the oncologist mention that the patient has reached the nadir. The nurse knows that this term means which of these?

A. The lowest level of neutrophils reached during therapy.

B. The highest level of neutrophils reached during therapy.

C. The point at which the adverse effects of chemotherapy will stop.

D. The point at which the cytotoxic action against cancer cells is the highest.

A. The lowest level of neutrophils reached during therapy.

The nurse is about to administer vincristine to a patient who has brain cancer. The patient has an intravenous port and an epidural line for pain medication. Which of these actions would the nurse question?

A. Administer the vincristine via the intravenous line.

B. Administer the vincristine via the intrathecal line or spinal route

C. Use an infusion pump for this medication.

D. Give the vincristine with another chemotherapeutic agent.

B. Administer the vincristine via the intrathecal line or spinal route

Methotrexate is ordered for a patient with a malignant tumor and the nurse is providing education about self-care after the chemotherapy is given. Which statements by the nurse are appropriate for the patient receiving methotrexate? Select all that apply.

A. Report unusual bleeding or bruising.

B. Hair loss is not expected with this drug.

C. Prepare for hair loss.

D. Avoid areas with large crowds or gatherings.

E. Avoid foods that are too hot or too cold or rough in texture.

F. Restrict fluid intake to reduce nausea and vomiting.

A. Report unusual bleeding or bruising.

C. Prepare for hair loss.

D. Avoid areas with large crowds or gatherings.

E. Avoid foods that are too hot or too cold or rough in texture.

When giving chemotherapy as cancer treatment, the nurse recognizes that toxicity to rapidly growing normal cells also occurs. Which rapidly growing normal cells are also harmed by chemotherapy? Select all that apply.

A. Bone marrow cells

B. Retinal cells

C. Hair follicle cells

D. Nerve myelin cells

E. Gastrointestinal mucous membrane cells

A. Bone marrow cells

C. Hair follicle cells

E. Gastrointestinal mucous membrane cells

A patient is to receive a daily dose of Fludarabine 25mg/M2/day for 5 consecutive days. Each dose is diluted in a 125ml bag of normal saline and is to infuse over 30 minutes. The nurse will set the infusion pump to wet rate in mL per hour.

250 mL/hr

• Total volume = 125 mL

• Infusion time = 30 minutes = 0.5 hours

125/0.5hr = 250mL/hr

A patient is receiving doxorubicin as part of treatment for ovarian cancer. Which of these is a possible adverse effect of doxorubicin?

A. Cardiotoxicity

B. Pulmonary toxicity

C. Neurotoxicity

D. Hyperuricemia

A. Cardiotoxicity

When giving cisplatin, the nurse is aware the adverse effect of this drug is which condition?

A. Alopecia

B. Kidney damage

C. Cardiotoxicity

D. Stomatitis

B. Kidney damage

The nurse is teaching a class about the various chemotherapy drugs. Which of these statements explains why alkylating drugs are also called cell cycle nonspecific drugs?

A. They are cytotoxic during a specific cell cycle.

B. They are cytotoxic in any phase of the cell cycle.

C. They are effective against several types of neoplasms.

D. They are more highly differentiated than cell cycle specific drugs.

B. They are cytotoxic in any phase of the cell cycle.

What is the nurse's priority action if extravasation of an anti-neoplastic drug occurs during intravenous administration?

A. Reduce the infusion rate.

B. Remove the IV and apply warm compresses.

C. Stop the infusion immediately, but leave the IV catheter in place.

D. Change the infusion to normal saline and inject the area with hydrocortisone.

C. Stop the infusion immediately, but leave the IV catheter in place.

A patient is receiving a third session of chemotherapy with daunorubicin. The nurse will assess the patient for which signs of a potential severe toxic effect of this drug.

A. Tinnitus and hearing loss.

B. Numbness and tingling in the fingers.

C. A weight gain of 2 pounds or more in 24 hours.

D. Decreased blood urea, nitrogen, and creatine levels.

C. A weight gain of 2 pounds or more in 24 hours.

The nurse is hanging a new infusion bag of a chemotherapy drug, but the tubing becomes disconnected and a small amount of the solution drips onto the floor. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A. Let it dry and then mop the floor.

B. Wipe the area with a disposable paper towel.

C. Use a spill kit to clean the area.

D. Ask the housekeeping department to clean the floor.

C. Use a spill kit to clean the area.

Just before the second course of chemotherapy, the laboratory calls to report that the patient's neutrophil count is 450 cells per mm3. The nurse expects that the oncologist will follow which course of treatment?

A. Chemotherapy will continue as scheduled.

B. Chemotherapy will resume with a lowered dosage.

C. Chemotherapy will resume after a transfusion of neutrophils.

D. Chemotherapy will be withheld until the neutrophil count returns toward normal levels.

D. Chemotherapy will be withheld until the neutrophil count returns toward normal levels.

A female patient is receiving palliative therapy with androgen hormones as part of treatment for inoperable breast cancer. The nurse will discuss with the patient which potential body image changes that may occur as adverse effects.

A. Hirsutism and Acne

B. Weight Gain

C. Flushing and Hot Flashes

D. Alopecia and Body Odor

A. Hirsutism and Acne

During chemotherapy, a patient develops severe diarrhea caused by a vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumor, or VIP-OMA. The nurse expects to administer which drug for this problem?

A. dexrazoxsane,

B. allopurinol,

C. octreotide,

D. bismuth subsalicylate.

C. octreotide,

The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving chemotherapy with an alkylating drug. Which assessment findings would be considered indications of an oncologic emergency? Select all that apply.

A. Dry, scratchy, or swollen throat.

B. Loss of hair.

C. Decreased red blood cell count.

D. White patches in the mouth or throat.

E. Temperature of 100.7°F or 38.2°C.

F. Decreased urine output.

A. Dry, scratchy, or swollen throat.

D. White patches in the mouth or throat.

E. Temperature of 100.7°F or 38.2°C.

F. Decreased urine output

When a patient is receiving cisplatin chemotherapy, the nurse will monitor for which adverse effects. Select all that apply.

A. Tinnitus

B. Heart failure

C. Hearing loss

D. Elevated blood urea, nitrogen, and creatine levels

E. Numbness or tingling in the extremities

F. Elevated glucose and ketone levels

A. Tinnitus

C. Hearing loss

D. Elevated blood urea, nitrogen, and creatine levels

E. Numbness or tingling in the extremities

A patient will be receiving mitoxantrone 12mg/m2/day, every 3 weeks as part of treatment for prostate cancer. Each dose is mixed into a 50 mL bag of D5W and needs to infuse over 15 minutes. The infusion pump delivers the dose at mL per hour. Identify the nurse will set the pump to infuse at what rate.

200 mL/hr

When monitoring a patient's response to interferon therapy, the nurse notes that the major dose-limiting factor for interferon therapy is which condition?

A. Diarrhea

B. Fatigue

C. Anxiety

D. Nausea and vomiting

B. Fatigue

A patient asks about his cancer treatment with monoclonal antibodies. The nurse tells him that which is a major advantage of treating certain cancers with monoclonal antibodies.

A. They will help the patient improve more quickly than will other antineoplastic drugs.

B. They are more effective against metastatic tumors.

C. Monoclonal antibodies target certain tumor cells and yet bypass normal cells.

D. There are fewer incidences of opportunistic infections with monoclonal antibodies.

C. Monoclonal antibodies target certain tumor cells and yet bypass normal cells.

During a patient's therapy with interleukins, the nurse monitors the patient for capillary leak syndrome. Which assessment finding, if present, would indicate this problem?

A. Bradycardia

B. A dry cough

C. Bruising on the skin

D. A sudden 15-pound weight gain

D. A sudden 15-pound weight gain

A patient who has received chemotherapy has a critically low platelet count. The nurse expects which drug or drug class to be used to stimulate platelet cell production.

A. Filgrastim

B. Interferons

C. Oprelevikin

D. Epoetin Alpha

C. Oprelevikin

A patient who has received chemotherapy has a steadily decreasing white blood cell count. The chemotherapy will end on Tuesday afternoon. The oncologist has mentioned that a colony-stimulating factor will be started soon. The nurse knows that the appropriate time to start this medication is when.

A. While the patient is still receiving chemotherapy.

B. Two hours after the chemotherapy ends.

C. Wednesday afternoon, 24 hours after the chemotherapy ends.

D. In two to four days after the white blood cells have reached their nadir.

C. Wednesday afternoon, 24 hours after the chemotherapy ends.

A patient has an order for the monoclonal antibody Adalimumab. The nurse notes that the patient does not have a history of cancer. What is another possible reason for administering this drug?

A. Severe anemia

B. Rheumatoid arthritis

C. Thrombocytopenia

D. Osteoporosis

B. Rheumatoid arthritis

During interleukin drug therapy, a patient is showing signs of severe fluid retention with increasing dyspnea and severe peripheral edema. The next dose of the interleukin is due now. Which action will the nurse take next?

A. Hold the drug and notify the prescriber.

B. Give the drug and notify the prescriber.

C. Give the drug along with acetaminophen and diphenhydramine.

D. Monitor the patient for two hours and then give the drug if the patient's condition improves.

A. Hold the drug and notify the prescriber.

The nurse is administering an interferon and will implement which intervention?

A. Giving the medication with meals.

B. Monitoring daily weights.

C. Limiting fluids while the patient is taking this medication.

D. Rotating injection sites.

D. Rotating injection sites.

ABATACEPT is prescribed for a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse checks the patient's medical history, knowing that this medication would need to be used cautiously if which condition is present?

A. Coronary artery disease

B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

C. Diabetes mellitus

D. Hypertension

B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aldesleukin, or IL-2, is prescribed for a patient. The nurse reviews the patient's medication list and would note a potential drug interaction if which drug class is also ordered.

A. Anticoagulants

B. Antiepileptic drugs

C. Oral hypoglycemic drugs

D. Antihypertensive drugs

D. Antihypertensive drugs

During therapy with hematopoietic drugs, the nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effects. Select all that apply.

A. Hypotension.

B. Edema.

C. Diarrhea.

D. Black, tarry stools.

E. Nausea and vomiting.

F. Headache.

B. Edema.

C. Diarrhea.

E. Nausea and vomiting.

F. Headache.

A patient is to receive filgrastim 5mcg/kg/day. The patient weighs 176 pounds. Identify how many micrograms of medication this patient will receive each day.

400 micrograms per day

A patient will be receiving aldesleukin, also known as IL-2, proleukin 600,000 IU per kg every 8 hours for 14 doses. The patient weighs 220 pounds. Identify how many IU of medication this patient will receive per dose.

60,000,000 IU per dose

A patient must be treated immediately for acute organ transplant rejection. The nurse anticipates that mycophenolate will be ordered. What is the priority assessment before beginning drug therapy?

A. Serum potassium level

B. Fluid volume status

C. Electrocardiogram

D. Pregnancy test

D. Pregnancy test