Social Problems: Chapter 1

Corporal Punishment

Physical punishment

Death penalty

What is the corporal punishment within the U.S?

Embezzlement

Stealing money from a company that is not yours

Burden of proof

Legal need to prove facts in order to win a case

Prosecution

Who does the burden of proof fall on?

Aggravated Assault

Deliberate violence against a person

Conspiracy

Agreement between two or more people to commit an illegal act

Deposition

Written statement made under oath

Action

Court procedure to enforce a right or prevent a wrong

Defamation

Deliberately harming someone’s character

Common-la

An agreement of marriage between two people but without a ceremony

Criminal Courts

Courts that hear cases dealing with criminal acts

Bail Bond

Note signed by a person that guarantees he/she will appear in court

Compulsory Attendance Laws

Law that requires minors to attend school for a certain amount of days

Age of Majority

A person can legally represent themselves as an adult

Arraignment

Person accused of a crime is brought to court to hear charges against him/her and pleads guilty or not guilty

Contract

Legally binding agreement between two or more people

Caveat Emptor

Let the buyer beware

Double Jeopardy

Cannot be charged with the same crime twice

Appeal

When a person does not the a court’s decisions he/she can do this to a higher court

Supreme Court

What is the highest court in the land?

Due Process of Law

Following legal procedures before taking away the life, liberty, or property

Crime

Wrong against the public, an act against the state or an act for which one may go to jail or prison

Arrest, bail hearing, preliminary hearing, indictment/information, arraignment, not guilty plea, trial, conviction or acquittal, sentencing, and appeal

What are the nine steps in a criminal proceeding?

Preliminary Hearing

Prosecutor must prove a crime was committed and establish guilt

Indictment

Grand jury’s formal charges

Information

Formal accusation of the crime

Arraignment

Hear the charges against you in court and you enter your plea

Misdemeanors

What kind charges are said during arraignment?

Tinker vs. Des Moines

Extended a person’s freedom of speech

Miranda vs. Arizona

A person must be read their rights if arrested

Right to remain silent and right to an attorney if one cannot afford one

What are the Miranda Rights?

Escobedo vs. Illinois

A person can have an attorney while being questioned

Gideon vs. Wainwright

A state must provide an attorney

Good Samaritan Law

A citizen is required to help someone in danger, unless the citizen’s life is in danger

Give a reason, determine guilt, give notice to the parents, students are allowed to make-up tests, and students can appeal

What are the steps a school must take to suspend a student?

Expel a student

Kicked out of school

School board

Who decides to expel a student?