Types of Fractures

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11 Terms

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Open vs. Closed Fracture

open: has been exposed to the air

closed: harshly bruised

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Greenstick Fracture

One side of the
bone has a fracture, but the opposite
side bends, resisting a complete
fracture.

$One side of the bone has a fracture, but the opposite side bends, resisting a complete fracture.$

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Comminuted Fracture

The bone breaks
several places between two large
segments of intact bone.

<p><span style="color: #050000">The bone breaks</span><span style="color: #050000"><br></span><span style="color: #050000">several places between two large</span><span style="color: #050000"><br></span><span style="color: #050000">segments of intact bone.</span></p>

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Transverse Fracture

A break that runs directly across the
long axis of the bone

<p><span style="color: #130202">A break that runs directly across the</span><span style="color: #130202"><br></span><span style="color: #130202">long axis of the bone</span></p>

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Oblique Fracture

a break with an angle that is not 90 degrees

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Spiral Fracture (Similar to oblique)

A ragged break caused by the bone being
pulled in a twisting motion. The break often
spirals across the surface of the bone

<p><span style="color: #020000">A ragged break caused by the bone being</span><span style="color: #020000"><br></span><span style="color: #020000">pulled in a twisting motion. The break often</span><span style="color: #020000"><br></span><span style="color: #020000">spirals across the surface of the bone</span></p>

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Avulsion Fracture

This is an injury to a bone at a site
where a ligament or tendon attaches, and pulls of
a piece of the bone. These are more common in
some places than others.

<p><span style="color: #060000">This is an injury to a bone at a site</span><span style="color: #060000"><br></span><span style="color: #060000">where a ligament or tendon attaches, and pulls of</span><span style="color: #060000"><br></span><span style="color: #060000">a piece of the bone. These are more common in</span><span style="color: #060000"><br></span><span style="color: #060000">some places than others.</span></p>

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Epiphyseal/physeal

A fracture that runs along or through the epiphyseal
plate. As shown, there are five classifications. You are not required to know all five variations on a physeal fracture on the practical, but you should know that any involvement of the epiphyseal plate means that it would be classified as physeal!

$A fracture that runs along or through the epiphyseal plate. As shown, there are five classifications. You are not required to know all five variations on a physeal fracture on the practical, but you should know that any involvement of the epiphyseal plate means that it would be classified as physeal!$

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compression/impacted fracture

A
bone is put under pressure or two
bones are driven together, crushing
the bone

<p><span style="color: #020000">A</span><span style="color: #020000"><br></span><span style="color: #020000">bone is put under pressure or two</span><span style="color: #020000"><br></span><span style="color: #020000">bones are driven together, crushing</span><span style="color: #020000"><br></span><span style="color: #020000">the bone</span></p>

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displaced/non-displaced

whether part of the
bone is OR is not moved from its proper position

<p><span style="color: #130202">whether part of the</span><span style="color: #130202"><br></span><span style="color: #130202">bone is OR is not moved from its proper position</span></p>

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complete/incomplete

whether the bone
is broken all the way OR only part of the way
through