Female and Male Genitourinary and Domestic Violence

Health Assessment Theory

oliguria

Which term would the nurse use to describe a client's decreased urine output of less than 400ml in 24 hours?

false

T or F: Dysuria is defined as involuntary urination at night after the age of 5 or 6.

nocturia

A patient complains of waking up frequently during the night to urinate. The nurse would document this as which of the following?

urgency

A patient feels as if they cannot wait to urinate. Which term would the nurse use to document the client's symptom?

hematuria

Which term would the nurse use to document blood in the urine?

frequency

Which term is used to describe urinating more than usual?

menopause

Which term describes the cessation of menstruation usually between the ages of 40 and 55?

ecchymosis

The nurse is assessing a patient suspected of intimate partner violence. Which term is used to describe a hemorrhagic spot forming a non-elevated, purplish patch?

false

T or F: The failure of a caregiver to prevent harm is known as financial abuse.

amenorrhea

Which term is used to describe the absence of menses?

prostate

glandular structures accessory to genital organs

epididymis

stores and carries sperm

vas deferens

conveys to testicle and to urethra

penis

composed of three cylindric columns of erectile tissue: two corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum; meatus - pink, smooth and without discharge

glans

at distal end of shaft corpus spongiosum expands into cone of erectile tissue

foreskin or prepuce

circumcision not required as much as it is preferred culturally

Scrotum

loose protective sac; continuation of abdominal wall, scrotal wall consists of thin, skin lying in folds, or rugae, and underlying cremaster muscle

septum

separates sac into halves; in each is a testis which produces sperm

testes

have a solid oval shape, suspended vertically by spermatic cord; left testis is lower because left spermatic cord is longer

tunica vaginalis

layers are lubricated by fluid so that testis can slide within scrotum which helps prevent injury

signs of puberty in males

enlargement of testes followed by pubic hair, penis size increases, avg. age 9 for african americans and 10 for caucasian and hispanics

benign prostatic hyperplasia

prostate secretes a milky fluid to support sperm, enlarges during middle adult year; prostate cancer is the most frequently  diagnosed cancer in men

inguinal “groin” hernia

congenital cause - incomplete closure of inguinal canal after birth leaving a weak spot-more common in men

femoral hernia causes

congenital - born with a weak femoral canal

kidney disease

two main causes of esrd: htn and diabetes

bladder cancer

4th most common cause of cancer in men, smoking is the most common risk factor, painless heamturia most common symptom

circumcision

ask during pregnance or immediate neonatal period, religious and cultural indications, lowers risk of cert sti-hiv, uti, and hpv, prevents inflammation glan.foreskin

frequency

urinating more than 7 x/day if taking in usual amount of fluid, abnormal with diabetes, bph

urgency

an immediate unstoppable urge to urinate due to a sudden involuntary contraction of the muscular wall of the bladder; bladder cancer

nocturia

being awakened at night to urinate, nocturnal urinary frequency; age, diabetes, bph

dysuria

symptom of pain or discomfort or burning with urination; uti, kidney stones

glans

smooth and without lesions

urethral meatus

postioned centrally

testicular self-exam (tse)

t - timing, once a month, s - shower, warm water relaxes scrotal sac, e - examine, check for and report changes immediately

creatinine level

correlated with serum analysis of kidney function which is realtively stable (end product of muscle metabolism)

blood urea nitrogen (bun)

measures urea which can vary based on several factors (end product of protein metabolism)

male genital lesions

genital herpes, hsv-2 infection, syphilitic chancre, genital warts, hov, carcinoma, urethritis

urinary problems

renal calculi, acute urinary retention, urethal stricture

abnormalities of the penis

phimosis and paraphimosis

lesions of the penis

herpes and genital warts

varicocele

enlargement of the veins of the scrotum, specifically those that drain blood from the testes

phimosis

is a medical condition in which the foreskin of the penis cannot be pulled back (retracted) over the glans (head) of the penis. It occurs only in uncircumcised males and can affect both children and adults

paraphimosis

is a urologic emergency that occurs when the foreskin of an uncircumcised or partially circumcised penis is pulled back behind the glans (head) and cannot be returned to its normal position. This trapped foreskin can constrict the head of the penis, leading to pain, swelling, and restricted blood flow, which can cause serious complications if not treated promptly

menarche

earlier onset attributed to obesity and physical inactivity

menopause

decreased estorgen causes dramatic physical changes

menorrhagia

heavy menses

dysmenorrhea

severe abdominal pain just beofre or during meses

cervix

surface normally smooth and flat

pap smear

collect cells from the cervix to look for cancerous or precancerous cells

hpv

viral infection that affects women and men and can lesd to many different types of cancer, warts

cervical dysplasia

hpv vaccines, gardisil, have led to dramatic decrease in cervical cancer

abnormal findings of the female gu

pediculosis pubis, crab lice, syhilitic chancre, hov warts, herpes

hsv-1

causes mouth and lip rashes (cold sores and canker sores)

hsv-2

causes the genital herpes

cystocele

anterior vaginal wall prolapse where the bladder drops from its normal position and bulges into front wall of vagina

rectocele

posterior vaginal wall prolapse where the rectum bulges into the back wall of thevagina due to weakened tissue between the rectum and vagina

uterine prolapse

uterus descend from its normal position in the pelvis into the vaginal canal

pelvic musculature abnormailites

cystocele, rectocele, uterine prolapse

gender identity

the part of a person’s identity that is about their sense of slef as male or female, neither, or both

gender expression

the part of a person’s identity that is about expressing masculinity or femininity asinfluenced by society, culture, and individual expectations

transgender

an umbrella term for anyone whose self-iddentity, behavior or anatomy falls outside of societal gender norms and expectations

sex

the identification of the biological/physical gender most often categorized as male or female

sexual orientation

the part of our identity relate to whom we are sexually attracted

gender dysphoria

clinically significant distress caused when a person’s assigned birth gender is not the same as the one with which they identify

physical violence 

force resulting in injury or death

sexual violence

attempted or completed acts without permission

stalking

repeated unwanted attention through various methods

psychological aggression

emotional abuse of an aggressive nature

neglect

failure to provide for children’s basic needs

emotional abuse

pattern of behavior that harms a child’s sense of self-worth or development

financial abuse

unauthorized use and/or improper use of older adult’s funds/resources

danger assessment (da)

19-item yes/no instrument that starts with calendar to see how frequent and sever violence has become over the past year