Chapter 14 Test Review- The Civil Rights Movement

Brown v. Board of Education

Brown v. Board of Education

1954 case that ruled segregation in schools and other public facilities was illegal.

argument against segregated schools

separate schools did not provide equal education opportunities for black students.

Linda Brown's father

sued the Board of Education to allow his daughter to attend a white school closer to home

Little Rock Nine

1957 - Governor Faubus sent the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the students from entering the school.

Rosa Parks

was arrested and sent to jail when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama)

End of Montgomery Bus Boycott

In November 1956, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation on public transportation was illegal.

sit-in

nonviolent protests in which a person sits and refuses to leave

President Kennedy

moved slowly on civil rights legislation due to an unwillingness to anger Republicans and conservative Democrats in Congress

Freedom Rides

the goal was to convince President Kennedy to enforce a ruling against segregation in the bus stations.

CORE

stopped participating in Freedom Rides o protect the riders from violent attacks.

1963 March on Washington

the purpose was to show support for President Kennedy's civil rights bill.

Martin Luther King Jr.

delivered his famous " I have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

banned segregation in public places and outlawed discrimination in the workplace

President Lyndon Johnson

attempted to fulfill promise when he signed the Civil Rights Act to continue Kennedy's work

Great Society

a domestic reform program in the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson

Freedom Summer

1964 effort to help register southern African American voters

Malcolm X

believed it was acceptable to use violence in order to gain civil rights

the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

caused riots over 100 cities across America in 1968.

United Farm Workers

organization of migrant workers formed to win better wages and working conditions

Cesar Chavez

leader and founder of the United Farm Workers

1968 Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the 1975 Voting Rights Act

both called for bilingual services for people speaking English as a second language.

Equal Pay Act of 1963

Legislation that requires employers to pay men and women equal pay for equal work

National Organization of Women (NOW)

established to fight for opportunities for women.

Shirley Chisholm

first African American woman elected to Congress

Equal Rights Amendment

constitutional amendment passed by Congress but never ratified by enough states that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender

Native Americans

major issue in the 1960s was a lack of control over tribal lands

Congress

passed laws in the 1970s granting Native Americans the right to govern themselves on tribal lands.

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973

banned hiring discrimination based on disabilities.