Aqueous cations test with NaOH and NH3

Aluminium

White precipitate soluble in excess sodium hydroxide giving a colourless solution .

White precipitate insoluble in excess aqueous ammonia

Ammonium

Ammonia produced on warming (NaOH). Moist red litmus paper turns blue.

Aqueous ammonia not applicable LOL

Calcium

White ppt insoluble in excess NaOH

No ppt in ammonia ( OH ions is low, cannot form Ca(OH)2 ppt)

Copper (II)

Light blue ppt, insoluble in excess NaOH

Light blue ppt soluble in excess aqueous ammonia giving a dark blue solution

Iron (II)

Green ppt insoluble in excess NaOH, turned reddish brown upon standing.

Green ppt insoluble in excess aqueous ammonia, turned reddish brown upon standing.

Turned reddish brown due to oxidisation reaction with oxygen in air causing it to rust

Iron (III)

Reddish-brown ppt insoluble in excess NAOH

Reddish-brown ppt insoluble in excess Aqueous ammonia

Lead (II)

White ppt soluble in excess NaOH,giving a colourless solution. (Lead II hydroxide is amphoteric,so it can react with excess NAOH by itself acting as an acid)

White ppt insoluble in excess ammonia

Zinc

White ppt soluble in excess NaOH giving a colourless solution. (Zinc hydroxide is amphoteric,so it can react with excess NAOH by itself acting as an acid)

White ppt soluble in aqueous ammonia giving a colourless solution