transformstions in europe

Renaissance

A period in European history marking the transition from the middle ages to modernity

Scientific revolution

A period of major scientific advancements during the 16th and 17th century

Galileo

An Italian astronomer physicist and engineer

Newton

An English physicist and mathematician who developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation

Laws of nature

Fundamental principles that govern the behavior of the natural world which was discovered through scientific observation

Protestant reformation

A religious movement in the 16th century that challenged the authority of the Catholic Church

Calvin

Developed Calvinism, a major branch of Protestantism

Henry VIII

Broke with the Catholic Church to establish the church of England he had six wives

Counter reformation

The Catholic churches response to the protestant reformation which included efforts to reform the church

Printing press

A revolutionary invention that allowed for the mass production of books invented by Johannes Guttenberg in the 15th century

Absolutism

A political system in which the ruler holds unlimited power