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Stonehenge

A famous assemblage of upright stones arranged in concentric rings with an altar slab at the center; located in England

Parthenon

The temple honoring the goddess Athena; built on the Acropolis; used Doric

Machu Pichu

A city built by the Inca people on a mountaintop in the Andes Mountains in present-day Peru--- Means "great peak"; Dry stone construction (without mortar)

The Great Pyramid

It is the largest and grandest pyramid built for King Khufu and is still standing in Giza; 3 Chambers - King's Chamber, Queen's Chamber; Grand Gallery

Megalithic structures

- Menhirs: Single standing stones.

- Dolmens: Stone tombs with a flat capstone.

- Cromlechs: Stone circles.

- Cairns: Stacked stones often used as burial markers

Pentelic Marble

Prefered by Ancient Greek sculptors; pure white, fine-grained marble from Penteliko Mountain in Athens, Greece; used in the Parthenon

Garuda, Naga

___________ is a half man and half bird while _______________ is a half man half cobra

Okir

rectilinear and curvilinear plant-based design; used in the Lumad Boathouse

Calasiao Church

Built by Fr. Ramon Dalmau, this is one of the largest church in pangasinan which said to have the 2nd best bell tower in the philippines.

Angkor Wat

A temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.

Dougong

a unique structural element of interlocking wooden brackets, one of the most important elements in Chinese architecture.

Pai Lou

Chinese gateway as memorial for deceased person

Sarcophagus

stone coffin adorned with a sculpture or inscription

Catacomb

underground burial place

Pyre

pile of wood for burning a dead body

Imhotep

The architect of the step pyramid of King Djoser's funerary at Saqqara

Khufu

Egyptian pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid at Giza

Bramante

______ presented Pope Julius Il with the first design for the new St. Peters Basilica

Bramante, Michelangelo, Bernini, Maderno

St. Peter's Basilica Architects

1. initiated the first design presented to Pope Julius II

2. contributed to the design and dome

3. completed the interior during the Baroque period

4. finished the nave and facade

Palitada

A thin layer of stucco applied to walls to prevent erosion and wearing away by the elements is called:

Asintada

Alignment - To line up things so they are even.

Las Pinas Church

The church is renowned to house the Bamboo Organ, a pipe organ made mostly with bamboo pipe; started by Diego Cera

San Agustin Church

Located in Intramuros Manila; Oldest Stone Church; By Fr. Juan Macias; 1st religious structure in Luzon

Quiapo Church

Juan Nakpil; home of the Black Nazarene

Baclaran Church

National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help in the Philippines.

Opus Tesselatum

Roman floor pavement design with Tesserae arranged in vertical and horizontal rows

Opus Vermiculatum

Marble mosaic; small tesserae arranged in waving lines resembling the form or tracks of worm

Opus Sectile

A type of marble mosaic pattern; "cut work"; produced geometrical patterns

Opus Recticulatum

stones in a diamond pattern

Ishtar Gate

The gate into Babylon. It was built by Nebuchadnezzar.

Baroque

This style of architecture interpreted the Renaissance in a dramatic, theatrical, and sculptural fashion.

Italian Renaissance

This style reverted to the basilican type with columns, wooden roofs, domes over square, polygonal, or Greek cross plans, and delicate arabesque ornaments.

Rumah Adat

It refers to traditional houses found throughout Indonesia

Lumbung

Traditional rice barns in Indonesia, elevated structures for storing rice and agricultural products.

Tenochtitlan

Capital of the Aztec Empire, which is located in modern-day Mexico City

Teotihuacan

An ancient Mesoamerican city known for its monumental pyramids, including the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon

Nightingale Floor

Japanese security device designed to warn residents of the presence of intruders.

Fusuma

vertical rectangular panels which can slide from side to side to redefine spaces within a room, or act as doors.

Fusuma, Shoji

Traditional Japanese Door

_________ are typically made of opaque cloth or paper, while ________ are made of sheer, translucent paper

Zabuton

Japanese cushion for kneeling or sitting

Arris

sharp edge on stone; meeting of two surfaces

Puerto del Parian

the only gate were Chinese tradesmen were allowed to sell wares

San Sebastian Church

first all-steel church in the Philippines and in Asia; and the second in the world.

Wat Phra Kaew

Houses the Emerald Buddha in Bangkok Thailand

Wat Prang Luang

The oldest Buddhist temple in Thailand

Hammurabi

King of Babylon; He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia and is best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar or steles

Felix Rojas

Recognized as the first Filipino architect, his works include the design of the Santo Domingo Church in Intramuros

Pablo Antonio

Pioneer of Modern Philippine Architecture; His famous works are FEU and Manila Polo Club

Juan Nakpil

The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration and also the University of the Philippines Administration Building and Library.

Leandro Locsin

His most famous works include the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex, the Philippine International Convention Center, and the Ayala Museum.

Temenos

a sacred enclosure or precinct in Greek Temples

Loboc Church

also known as the Church of San Pedro; the second oldest church in Bohol and it has the biggest number of mural on walls and ceilings.

The Dome of the Rock on the Temple Mount

What is the holiest site of Judaism and the third holiest site in Islam?

Paco Park

where Rizal was first buried; used to be called Cementerio General de Dilao

High Medieval Ages

This period was characterized by the rise of monastic communities, papal power, the growth of towns, commercial activity, and rivalry with the church at center Gothic Architecture

Baclayon Church

The oldest church built in Bohol by Fr. Juan de Torres and Fr. Gabriel Sanchez

Barasoain Church

The seat of the Revolutionary Congress where the First Filipino Constitution was drafted and ratified; It is where the inauguration of the Philippines First Republic was held

Quattrocento

This period of 15th century architecture in Italy involved the formulation of rules based on studies of classical antiquity

Tipi

A conical tent originally made of skins and popularized by the American Indians of the Great Plains.

Wigwam

A round dwelling made out of poles and saplings and covered with sheets of birchbark or woven mats

Yurt

Large circle-shaped tent made of animal skins that can be packed up and moved from place to place.

Wabi

An aesthetic that is based on the principle of honesty and understatement

Borobudur

The largest Buddhist monument located in Central Java Indonesia

Tatami

straw mats that are traditionally used to cover floors in Japan

Michelangelo

He invented the giant order which he used in his design for the Campidoglio (or Capitoline Hill) in Rome

Hypostyle Hall

an Ancient Greek term denoting a building having rows of columns supporting its roof; an example of this is the Karnak Temple Complex in Egypt

Renaissance Architecture

This period originated in Italy that brought on the re-introduction of the classical Greek and Roman styles.

Hieroglyphics

Egyptian writing that involved using pictures to represent words.

Church of the Holy Sepulcher

Church where Jesus was buried and Resurrected (most important site in Christianity)

Panolong

Ornamental beam ends in Maranao house

Laws of the Indies

The _____ contains 148 ordinances developed by King Philip II (Spanish Crown) to aid colonists in locating, building, and populating settlements.

Jericho

Oldest town in the world

Chief Christopher Wren

His most famous work is St. Paul's Cathedral.

Half human, half bull monster

Minotaur

Designs on metal vessels with colored-glass paste placed within enclosures made of copper or bronze wires

Cloisonne Technique

Vestibulum

Main entrance of the Roman Domus

Impluvium

Part of the Domus: Pool that catches rainwater

Compluvium

Part of the Domus: A square opening in the roof which the rain fell into the impluvium

Peristylium

Part of the Domus: Open Courtyard

Hortus

Garden in peristylium

Lararium

Part of the Domus: Household shrine

Tablinum

Part of the Domus: Office; where they conducted business

Triclinium

Part of the Domus: Dining Room; translates to "three couch room"

Cubiculum

Part of the Domus: Bedroom

Atrium

Part of the Domus: Central Hall

Taberna

Part of the Domus: Shop in front rooms

Thermae

Bathhouse

Caldarium

Hot room in Thermae

Frigidarium

Cold room in Thermae

Tepidarium

Warm room (relaxation room) with heated loungers

Apodyterium

Dressing room in Thermae

Curia

Senate House in ancient Rome

Forum

Town square complete with government buildings, temples, and speaker's platform

Rostra

Speaker Platform in Column

Gare d Orsay

Once a train station for the Paris Universal Exhibition, now a museum

Casa Battlo

Casa Vicens

Casa B

Buildings designed by Antoni Gaudi in Barcelona Spain

Willis Tower (Sears Tower)

The 3rd largest tower; Located in Chicago

Karlskirche

Vienna Church Prague known for its Dome

Rustication

Type of Masonry (Renaissance) in Ashlar pattern

Pashupatinath, Changunarayan, Chandeshwori and Banepa

Examples of Pagoda Nepalese Architecture