unl human biology 110 exam 1

domains of life

eukarya archaea bacteria

hierarchy of living things

domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species

cell membrane

permits the entry of selective materials in and out of cell

nucleus 

doubled membranes organelle that functions as the control center and stores DNA 

rough ER

attached ribosomes that manufacture proteins

smooth ER

packages lipids and proteins for delivery to golgi apparatus

golgi apparatus  

a system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell

cilia flagella centrioles

cell structures that enable movement

vesicle

moves molecules and secrete substances

vacuole 

stores food and nutrients 

centrioles

helps moves chromosomes during cell division

lyosome

digests complex molecules

oxygen carbon hydrogen nitrogen 

most abundant elements in humanity

it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

why is DNA important

cation

postive charged formed when loss of electron

anion 

negative charge formed when gain electron 

steps of scientific method

observe hypotheses prediction experiment modify

molecule 

two or more atoms bonded together9

shared characteristics of living and non living things

organization and structure

composition of matter

energy interactions

response to stimuli

dynamic processes

radioisotope technology

improves productivity and gain information that cannot be obtained nay other way

diffusion

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower

hyprophobic molecules like water oxygen and carbon dioxide 

what can pass through cell membrane

ion and polar molecules

what cannot pass through cell membrane

glycosis

breakdown of glucose that converts into pyruvate

NADH and FADH2 from glycosis

electron carries during citric acid cycle

connective tissue consists of

loose dense elastic reticular adipose tissue cartilage bone blood

cartilage tissue

found in joints between bones rib cage ear nose

adipose tissue

found under skin around kidneys eyes and heart breast

loose tissue

surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels

dense tissue 

helps tendons ligaments deeper layer of skin el

elastic tissue

surrounds hollow organs

reticular tissue

makes up internal framework of soft organs t

tight junction

forms leak proof seals between cells

adhesion junction 

anchors two cells together and allows flexible movement 

gap junctions

provides direct transfer of water and ions between cells

epithelial tissue 

coves outside of the body 

connective tissue

provides support for your body and connects all its parts

muscle tissue 

controls movement by contracting and stretching 

nervous tissue 

makes up the nervous system