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macromolecule
a giant molecule (molecule = multiple elements), one which contains a large number of covalently connected atoms
amino acids lipids carbohydrates nucleic acids
four types of macromolecules (A, L, C, N)
polymer
a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks LINKED BY COVALENT BONDS
monomers
polymers are made up of smaller units called __________
condensation dehydration
monomers are connected to make macromolecules through a c________ or d__________ reaction
condensation reaction
a reaction in which two molecules combine to form one molecule through the loss of a small molecule (use the one that starts with C)
hydrolysis
when polymers are broken up/digested to monomers, this process is known as
monosaccharides
GLad i have GAllons of RIpe FRUit juice helps you remember...
glucose galactose ribose fructose
name the monosaccharides in order of the saying used to remember them (glad...)
maltose
glucose + glucose =
lactose
glucose + galactose =
sucrose
glucose + fructose =
disaccharides
DIana wants to SUCk on a MALT but can't bc shes LACTOSE intolerant helps you remember the
sucrose maltose lactose
name the disaccharides in order of the saying used to remember them (diana...)
monosaccharide disaccharide polysaccharide
three types of carbohydrates? (m d p)
71
if you join 72 monosaccharides together to create a polysaccharide you get ho wmany water molecules?
5419
if we break apart a polymer of sugar that is 5420 molecules, how many water molecules do we need to break it apart?
polysaccharides
poly lives in a cell with her kitten, eats starch which she stores as glycogen helps you remember what
cellulose chitin glycogen starch
name the polysaccharides (ce, ch, g, s)
hydrophobic
what is the one trait that all lipids have in common? they are __________
glycogen
What is the polysaccharide used by animals to store glucose?
chitin
Which polysaccharide makes up the exoskeleton of insects?
fructose
Which monosaccharide is the sweetest?
ose
Sugars all end with what three letter ending?
carbohydrates
___________ are the main source of energy for the body
monosaccharides
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
fats phospholipids steroids
name the types of lipids (f, p, s)
no
is glycerol a lipid?
glycerol fatty acids
fats are made up of g________ and f______ a_______
ester
fats are made when 3 fatty acids bond to glycerol through a dehydration reaction and form an _______ linkage
pig
remember ester the wonder ______ because these animals have a lot of at
3
how many fatty acids in fat?
2
how many fatty acids in phospholipids?
phospholipids
what is a major component of the plasma membrane (also known as the phospholipid bilayer)
steroids
what are lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of 4 fused rings?
proteins
what is used for structural support, storage, transport of other substances, signaling, movement, defense against foreign substances, and enzyme activity
primary structure
the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide/protein
secondary structure
the three dimensional form of local segments of protein
tertiary structure
the overall three dimensional strcture resulting from folding and covalent cross linking of a protein
quaternary structure
the association of 2 or more polypeptide chains into a multisubunit or oligomeric protein
done folding
tertiary structure: still folding or done folding?
nucleic acids
what is made up of monomers called nucleotides?
adenine guanine
the purines are __________ and ___________ (AG)
cytosine uracil thymine
the pyrimidines are _________, ____________, and _________ (CUT)
1
ribose sugar contains _ (number) more oxygen atom
sugar
anything that is a hexagon or pentagon is probably a _______
fat
a long hydrocarbon chain is probably going to be a ____
amino acid
n and 2 h's is probably a(n)...
DNA RNA
what are the 2 types of nucleic acids? ___ and ___
cytosine thymine adenine guanine
nucleic acids, DNA, bases... name them (C T A G)
purine
if it's a double ring...
deoxyribose
sugar that is DNA
phosphodiester
nucleotides are joined by covalent bonds called ____________ linkages
2
how many bonds between A and T?
3
how many bonds between G and C? (rhyme)
T
in DNA, A codes for
C
in DNA, G codes for
U
in RNA, A codes for
G
in RNA, C codes for
cytosine uracil adenine guanine
nucleic acids... Rna... bases (C U A G)
ribose
sugar that is RNA
glycosidic
sugar bond
ester
fat bond
peptide
protein bond
hydrogen
what bond is in between the nitrogenous bases?
Note 
Flashcard (20)