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Always wear __
appropriate PPE- long sleeves and long pants, closed toed shoes, hair up and goggles, gloves if necessary
buret
dispensing and transferring known volumes of fluids- used in titrations and rounded to 4 sig figs
pipet
Used to dispense small quantities of liquids- volumetric 4 sig figs
graduated cylinder
instrument used to measure volume of a liquid- read at eye level (3 sig figs)
thermometer
measures temp- 3 sig figs
balance
measures mass, zero before use write down all sig figs balance displays
mass water delivered
mass= volume - density
volume delivered
from equipment
percent error
excepted value- theoretical value/ theoretical multiplied by 100
solution
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
solvent
A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
standard solution
a solution whose concentration is accurately known
Precision
consistency of measurements
Accuracy
how close a measurement is to the true value
limiting reactant
the substance that controls the quantity of product that can form in a chemical reaction ( completely consumed)
excess reactant
the substance that is not used up completely in a reaction
precipitate
A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction.
filtrate
liquid that has passed through a filter
ideal gas law
PV=nRT or p1v1=p2v2 or p1/t1=p2/t2
outlier
A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set
calibration curve
A graph showing the value of some property versus concentration of analyte. When the corresponding property of an unknown is measured, its concentration can be determined from the graph.
salt
ionic compound
hydrate
A compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms
anhydrous
without water
Hygroscopic
a term describing salts and other compounds that remove moisture from the air
efflorescent
loses water to air
