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FWAEEEH
The circulatory system delivers…
Nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and other related substances
The circulatory system removes…
Carbon dioxide, cellular waste products
The circulatory system participates in the?
Immune system
The blood vascular system and the lymph vascular system are subsystems of the?
Cardiovascular system
The heart is a hollow muscular organ, located in the?
Mediastinum of thoracic cavity
The heart pumps bloods towards the?
Arteries
The heart is enveloped by connective tissue called?
Pericardium
The _________ pericardium is made up of dense irregular connective tissue.
Fibrous
The _________ pericardium is made up of loose connective tissue.
Serous
The serous pericardium is made up of this epithelium.
Simple squamous
The _________ pericardium is the outer layer of the serous pericardium.
Parietal
The _________ pericardium is the inner layer of the serous pericardium.
Visceral
The free surface of serous pericardium is lined by?
Mesothelium
This cavity contains pericardial fluid secreted by mesothelial cells.
Pericardial
In adults, how much mL of pericardial fluid is there?
15-50
Pericardial fluid provides?
Reduced friction; some protection against infection, outside forces and pressure
The endocardium is the _________ layer of the heart.
Thinnest
The myocardium is the _________ layer of the heart.
Thickest
The endocardium lines the ___________ of the heart.
Internal surface
The myocardium is arranged in a _____________.
Spiral course
The myocardium originates and inserts in the?
Cardiac skeleton (via dense connective)
The innermost layer of endocardium is lined with?
Endothelium
The connective tissue layer beneath the innermost layer of endocardium has?
Blood vessels, nerves, smooth muscles, and Purkinje fibers
What is secreted by cardiac muscles in the atria and interventricular septum, and participates in cardio-renal homeostasis?
Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides
The epicardium is synonymous with the __________ pericardium.
Visceral
The epicardium’s __________ is lined mesothelium.
Loose connective tissue
In areas of the heart where bigger branches of the coronary arteries are lodged, the epicardium contains a lot of?
Adipose cells
Coronary arteries are larger where?
Upper heart
The cardiac skeleton is made of _____________ tissue that forms the stroma of the heart.
Dense connective
This cardiac skeleton component is of the interventricular septum.
Septum membranaceum
This cardiac skeleton component surrounds the AV and semilunar orifices.
Annuli fibrosis
This cardiac skeleton component is between the semilunar and AV orifices.
Trigona fibrosa
The function of the cardiac valve is to?
Prevent backflow
The cardiac valve consists of _____________ and a dense connective tissue core.
Reduplicated endocardia
The dense connective tissue core in the cardiac valve is continuous with which cardiac skeleton component?
Annuli fibrosis
The atrioventricular valve directs blood flow…
…from atrium to ventricle.
This valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle.
Tricuspid valve
This valve is located between the left atrium and ventricle.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
The semilunar valve directs blood flow…
…from ventricle to vessels.
This valve is located between the left ventricle and aorta.
Aortic valve
This valve is located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
Pulmonic valve
Cardiac muscle fiber contraction is triggered via electrical impulse from these specialized noncontractile cardiac muscle fibers.
Purkinje fibers
This impulse-conducting system component consists of Purkinje fibers, is located at the boundary of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, and acts as a pacemaker.
Sinoatrial node
This impulse-conducting system component are small bundles of Purkinje fibers, which propagates generated electrical signals.
Internodal tracts
This impulse-conducting system component delays electrical impulse slightly to allow proper contraction, and is located in the myocardium of the posterior lower part of the interatrial septum.
Atrioventricular node
This impulse-conducting system component transfers electrical impulse into the left & right ventricles via branches, and is located in the dense connective tissue of the trigonum fibrosum.
Atrioventricular bundle of His
Purkinje fibers are larger, paler, and have more ___________ than the typical cardiac muscle fibers.
Glycogen
Coronary arteries arise from?
Ascending aorta
Coronary arteries are drained by?
Cardiac veins
Coronary arteries are also known as end arteries because?
Branches aren’t formed among each other
Cardiac veins empty either into the _________________ or right atrium.
Coronary sinus
These are abundant in myocardium, subendocardium, and subepicardium.
Lymph channels
The heart receives ___________ from the vagus nerve and the sympathetic division.
Efferent nerve
Note
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