Unit 1 Geography Basics-AP Human Geography Frump- Vocab Terms-

Absolute Location

Exact location of a place on the earth described by Lat./Long coordinates.

Cartography

The science of making maps

Cartogram Map

distorts the size and shape of a map area to show statistical data

Choropleth Map

a color coded or shaded map used to show the distribution of a geographic phenomena over space

Climate

Overall weather in an area over a long period of time

Clustered

close together

Concentration

The spread of something over a given area.

Contagious diffusion

Diffusion from person to person interaction. ex: viral videos

Cultural landscape

Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group.

Density

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

Developed Country (MDC)

More developed Country

Developing Country (LDC)

Less Developed Country

Distance-decay

Decreased spatial interaction linked to increased distance.

Dispersed/scattered

if objects in an area are relatively far apart

Environmental determinism

the idea that human behavior is controlled by the physical environment

Equator

0 degrees latitude

Expansion diffusion

The spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process

Formal/uniform region

an area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

Functional/nodal region

an area organized around a node or focal point

GIS

A computer system that stores, organizes, layers, analyzes, and displays geographic data.

Globalization

growth to a global or worldwide scale

GPS

A system that uses a network of Earth orbiting satellites to pinpoint absolute location

Hearth

The area where an idea or cultural trait originates.

Hierarchical diffusion

spread from a person of authority to other persons and places.

Latitude (Parallels)

Line used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.

Longitude (Meridian)

Lines that go over the north and south pole and indicate how far east or west something is on the planet.

Map Scale

compares a distance on a map with a distance in the real world

Pattern

The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area.

Possibilism

Environment influences, but does not control, human events

Prime Meridian

0 degrees longitude

Projection

The system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map.

Relocation diffusion

the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

Remote sensing

the collection of data from a distance

Renewable Resource

Something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

Resource

A natural feature or phenomenon that enhances the quality of human life.

Scale

the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

Sequent occupance

the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place. (Example: Indian Mounds)

Site

The physical character of a place

Situation/Relative Location

Location relative to other places

Space-time compression

describes the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place

Spatial association

the reason why two things are placed where they are

Stimulus diffusion

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

Sustainability

The level of development that can be maintained without depleting resources

Time zones

24, 15 degree sections that each represent a different hour of the day

Thematic Map

a map that shows a particular theme, or topic

Toponym

The name given to a portion of Earth's surface.

Transnational Corporation

A corporation delivering services to at least two countries.

Vernacular/perceptual region

an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

based on stereotypes; defined by people's perception

Elevation

height above sea level

field observation

the act of physically visiting a location, place, or region and recording, firsthand, information there

Quantitative

Data that is in numbers

Qualitative

Data in the form of recorded descriptions rather than numerical measurements.

relative distance

How connected places are despite their absolute distance from each other.

reference map

A map that works well for locating and navigating between places.

Topographic Map

Map showing elevation of the land through contour lines. Also called a contour map..

Absolute distance

The distance that can be measured with a standard unit length, such as a mile or kilometer.

Map Distortion

Happens when a round surface is made flat; distortion may be in size or shape of land forms, distance between land forms, or in direction.