HI - Germany: 5.1

What prevented Hitler from total domination of Europe by the end of 1941?

Only Britain and the USSR.

How many Jews were in Germany by the end of 1941?

Fewer than 200,000.

How many Jews were in occupied Poland by 1939?

3 million.

Where were all Jews in Poland moved to by the Nazis?

Ghettos, also known as 'Jewish Quarters.'

What was the ghetto in Warsaw surrounded by?

A 3.5-meter high wall topped with barbed wire and broken glass.

Who paid for the construction of the Warsaw ghetto wall?

Local Jews.

What conditions were common in the ghettos?

Walled-off, cramped, and spread diseases like typhus.

What caused almost 4,000 Jews to die each month in the ghettos from January 1941 to July 1942?

Disease and starvation.

When did the Germans invade the USSR?

June 1941.

How many civilians were murdered by Einsatzgruppen in the USSR by 1943?

Over 1.2 million.

What were the methods used by Einsatzgruppen?

Rounded up Jews, Communist Party leaders, and gypsies; confiscated valuables; forced to undress; marched to mass graves; shot or gassed.

When did the Germans begin building camps in Eastern Poland for forced labor?

July 1941.

What was decided at the Wannsee Conference in January 1942?

The camps would be turned into extermination camps, such as Auschwitz, Treblinka, and Sobibor.

What was the fate of the Warsaw Jews in July 1942?

They were told they were being 'resettled' in Eastern Poland, but over 250,000 went there to die.

How many Jews and non-Jews were killed during the Holocaust?

Almost 6 million Jews and 5 million non-Jews.

What happened to those deemed fit to work in the camps?

They were subjected to forced labor until death and medical experiments.

What happened to those deemed unfit in the camps?

They were directly killed.

What method accelerated the killing process in the extermination camps?

Poison gas.

How many Jews could be sent for 'delousing' in the huge showers at once?

Up to 2,000 Jews.

What happened to the bodies of those killed in the camps?

Other prisoners removed the bodies and useful 'by-products' were taken, and the bodies were burned in ovens.

What did propaganda films show about the labor camps?

They depicted the camps as having good conditions, with Jews willingly helping to organize the resettlement.

What did the Nazis do to conceal the atrocities?

Dug up railway lines, destroyed records, and staged false images of camp life.

What occurred in the Warsaw ghetto in April 1943?

A month-long uprising against the transport to the camps.

What happened to the remaining 56,000 Jews in the Warsaw ghetto after the uprising?

They were arrested; 7,000 were shot, and the rest were sent to the camps.

What happened to Rudolph Hoess in 1947?

He was hanged for war crimes.

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