Aim of the EU

What was the aim of the EEC?

To unite all people in Europe

How would member states increase political influence?

By sharing power within a much larger organisation- greater pooling of sovereignty

What did the integration and expansion of EU aim to encourage?

Too encourage peace, prosperity and liberal democracy

What did the EU want to eliminate?

Nation differences which cause conflict

What are the 4 Freedoms?

1. Free Movement of Goods- No tariffs
2. Free Movement of Services- businesses should be able to operate in any member state
3. The free movement of capital
4. The Free movement of people- no internal barriers should stop citizens of the EU working in any member states and should be able to claim same benefits

What should the elimination of national barriers achieve ?

Prosperity and prevent war

What did the Maastricht treaty (1992) establish?

* Monetary Union (the euro)
* The European Central Bank

What did the Social chapter of the Maastricht treaty protect?

The rights of EU workers

What type of rights did the social chapter ensure for workers?

* Health and safety
* Freedom from discrimination and equality

What is legally bending to all members?

The incorporation of the ECHR

What did the Maastricht treaty commit EU Members too in terms of policy?

Common foreign and defence policy

Why did the Migrant Crisis after the Syrian war and conflict in Libya cause conflict between member states?

Some members accepted more migrants than others, causing resentment

What did the migrant crisis allow for the rise in?

The influence of nationalist parties such as UKIP

What has the expansion of the EU allowed for in former communist states?

The expansion of democracy

What has the European Charter of Fundamental Freedoms entrenched ?

Core civil Liberties in European law

In 2018, what number was the EU ranked in the biggest economies ?

2nd- Largest single market in the world

What has the EU provided the lead on?

Key issues such as climate change

What have critics said the Expansion of the EU has resulted in?

It has diluted its purpose and made it more difficult to provide a United response to key issues

Why has there been a decrease in support for the EU in south European countries?

Due to Austerity programs by European Commission+European central bank

What has exposed tension between member states?

Migrant crises

What reduces trade which the EU acknowledges?

Tarrifs

In 2016 what percentage of British trade was with the EU?

43%→ worth £241 billion

Who supports the EU due to economic benefits?

Economists

Why has the UK benefitted from EU Migrants?

They join the work force and pay taxes

How much did EU Migrants pay in tax in 2013-14?

£14.7 Billion

How much did EU Migrants claim in benefits in 2013-14?

Only £2.6 billion

How many British jobs rely on the EU for trade?

3 million

In 2017 how many brits were living in the EU?

1\.3 million

How has the EU membership increased rights protection?

* The Social Chapter
* Charter of Fundamental Freedms

What have critics of the EU argued the EU has undermined?

Parliamentary sovereignty

Why has the EU been accused of having a democratic deficit ?

* EU Commission and gov are not elected
* EU parliament is elected however it has less influence

What does the EU create an unnecessary layer of and why is this an issue

* Creates an unnecessary layer of law
* May not be applicable/in the interest of all member states

How much has the implementation of EU relations cost yearly?

£33 billion

What percentage of trade was with the EU in 2006 and what does this suggest?

* 54% (decreased in 2018)
* Suggests that UK should be engaging further in the global market

In 2017 how much did the UK contribute to the EU?

£8.9 billion

Which sovereignty did the Factortame case establish?

Sovereignty of EU law over UK law

What do critics of the EU suggest the Factortame judgment undermined?

* The interests of British citizens
* Parliamentary sovereignty

How many EU Migrants were there in the UK in 2017?

3\.8 million (only 785,000 British nationals living in EU)