PPH MOD 3

health disparities

PREVENTABLE DIFFERENCES in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED PPL

health equity

when every person can obtain their full health potential regardless or social position or circumstances

ppl @ risk for health disparities

1. racial/ethnic minorities

2. sexual & gender minorities

3. socioeconomically disadvantaged pops

4. underserved rural pops

5. elderly pop

6. ppl w/disability

take home COVID

black, hispanic, & American Indian/Alaskan Native had higher rates of covid cases, hospitalizations, & death compared to white ppl

take home CVD

compared to other racial/ethnic groups, African Americans have the highest risk of CVD related mortality

Age disparity

as compared to younger pts, older pts are more prone to hypertension diagnosis

income/education & diabetes

pts from lower income brackets & w/lower lvls of education experienced a greater prevalence of diabetes

disparities among ppl w/disabilities

PWD are more likely to face economic hardship & have worst health outcomes compared to ppl w/out disabilities

rural v urban

americans living in rural areas are more likely to die from unintentional injuries, heart disease, cancer, stroke, & chronic lower respiratory disease than their urban counterparts

take home healthcare access

increasing access to healthcare alone is INSUFFICIENT to close gaps in health outcomes

health disparity causes

causes of health disparities w/in pops are multifactorial & require multifaceted interventions to fully address root causes

primary drivers for health disparities

SDOH. are the environmental social factors that impact health outcomes

SDOH. can lead to +/- health outcomes

SOCIAL & ECONOMIC INEQUITIES

take home NA/AN

compared to other races/ethnicities, NA/AN were more likely to die from various health conditions like chronic liver disease & cirrhosis, diabetes, unintentional injuries, & alcohol-induced diseases

take home African American

across all age groups, African Americans have a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, & stroke than white Americans

African Americans experience higher mortality rates for various chronic diseases including CVD, cerebrovascular, & cancer

take home Affordable Care Act

despite the passage of the ACA, Black pts are still more likely to be uninsured than White pts

take home pharmacy access

historical redlining has been associated w/decreased access to pharmacies

stress

stress propels body into “fight or flight”

-release of hormones (cortisol & norepinephrine)

-increased heart rate & BP

• chronic stress prevents the body from resting/healing

  physiological effects

  1. cardiac issues: HTN, stroke

  2. metabolic issues: diabetes, obesity

  3. mental health: depression anxiety

take home finance

beyond health outcomes, health disparities have a detrimental impact on financial outcomes