Occupational Therapy Models

MOHO subsystems: Performance Capacity

Processing, Communication and Interaction, motor skills

MOHO subsystems: Volition

Personal Causation, Values, Interests

MOHO subsystems: Habituation

Roles, Routines

MOHO Volition: personal causation

thoughts and feelings about personal capacities and effectiveness that people have as they do everyday activities

Define Volition

Motivation for occupation

Define Habituation

process by which occupation is organized into patterns, routines, and roles 

Define performance capacity

physical and mental abilities underlying skilled occupational performance

Define Environment

physical space, social situations, and cultural, political and economic force

MOHO Volition: values

beliefs about what is good, right, and important to do; personal convictions

MOHO Volition: Interests

what a person finds enjoyable or satisfying

MOHO Habituation: Habits

automatic and repetitive behaviors; learned tendencies in response to doing; consistent ways of doing in familiar environments

MOHO Habituation: roles

a source of identity with inherent obligations; expectations that enable individual to meet a define status of self and society; a set of related attitudes and behaviors 

MOHO Habituation: routines

a sequence of activities built by habits to maintain a sense of order in daily life

3 dimensions of doing

Occupational participation, occupational performance, occupational skills

MOHO: Performance Capacity: occupational participation

broadest sense of engagement in occupation; may be role-base

MOHO Performance Capacity: occupational performance

units of doing and discrete actions and/or activities 

MOHO Performance Capacity: occupational skills

goal directed action steps that are observable within the following areas:

• motor skills: used to move one’s self or objects

• Process skills: logically planning actions, selecting and using appropriate tools and materials, and adapting one’s performance to overcome obstacles

• Communication and interaction skills: observable operations used to verbalize needs and intentions that are part of social behaviors

Occupational Adaption: MOHO

made up of two interconnected ideas

• occupational Identity: internal, compounded sense of oneself as an occupational being based on the accumulated history of one’s participation

• occupational competence: sustained pattern of participation that is complementary to one’s identity

OA: Sensorimotor 

Integrated sensory, perceptual, and motor abilites

OA: Cognitive

neurological and processing abilities

OA: psychosocial

social, behavioral, and emotional abilities

OA: existing

you do what works

OA: Modified

it doesn’t work to produce relative mastery so you modify the task (moving to a quieter spot to study when you used to work in from of the tv

OA: New

completely change (Change how you study completely 

OA: primitive

limited thinking, rigid, interferes with adaptive movement

OA: transitional

disorganized, random, action in all the person systems

OA: mature

all 3 person systems work together

OA: primary

OA: Secondary

OA Press for Mastery

Occupational Roles, Occupational Challenges, Role demands/expectations, occupational responses

Occupational Roles

Person defined sets of behaviors based on society’s expectations and are heavily influenced by culture and context 

Occupational Challenges

Bases on current abilities, desire for mastery of the occupation and environment, and assessment of level of demand for mastery from environment

Role Demands/ Expectations

• assert a combination of internal and/or external role demands

• person: perceives internal role demands

• environment: creates external role demands

Occupational Responses

●Occur during transaction with environment and participation in occupation

●Person evaluates the level of occupational challenge, roles expected by society, or assumed by the person and the role demands

●Person identifies how  to respond to challenges, roles and demands/expectations: Adaptation gestalt