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Pineal gland
Located behind the midbrain, secretes melatonin.
Pituitary
Also known as hypophysis.
Striae
stretch marks
Amenorrhea
the absence of menstrual periods; no menses
acromegaly= extremity enlargement (from hyperpituitarism)
chronic, disfiguring disease that usually shortens life expectancy/often leads to congestive heart failure, respiratory and cerebrovascular diseases
Gestational diabetes occurs
during pregnancy
Conn’s syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)
From overproduction of aldosterone, most often due to an adrenal cortex tumor. Symptoms include hypokalemia (low potassium levels), alkalosis (increased blood pH), and hypertension.
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst.
Polyuria
Excessive urination.
HbA1C
Abbreviation for glycosylated hemoglobin.
Decreased secretions of thyroid and pancreatic hormones cause
digestion and metabolism problems in the elderly
Adrenal glands
Also known as suprarenals, located on top of the kidneys.
Oxytocin
Hormone that facilitates labor and causes uterine contractions.
Insulin
Hormone important for metabolizing glucose (insulin assists in moving sugar out of the blood and into the tissues)
Type 1 diabetes
chronic disease affecting carbohydrate, or sugar, metabolism due to inadequate production of insulin by the pancreatic islets of Langerhans (in the pancreas)
Exophthalmos
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs.
Pancreas
Acts as both an exocrine and endocrine gland.
Exocrine gland
Secretes digestive juices.
Endocrine gland
secretes two hormones, insulin and glucagon, directly into the blood
Insulin
lowers blood sugar
Glucagon
raises blood sugar
Cortisone
Has anti-inflammatory properties.
Androgenital syndrome
Also known as adrenal virilism.
