a protein problem ( 2.2.3 )

genome

the complete set of genetic info in an organism

what are amino acids

building blocks of proteins

what are proteins made of

long chain of amino acids

how are bases in mRNA read

in 3 bases of nucleotides called codons

what are ribosomes

where proteins are made and made of rRNA

where does transcription occur

in the nucleus for eukaryotic cells

for prokaryotic cells, the cytoplasm

where does translation occur

in the cytoplasm

what is the central dogma of molecular biology

one way flow of genetic information- dna to rna to protein

what is the section of dna that codes for proteins

genes

what is transcription

dna code is transcriped on mRNA strand

what is translation

mRNA strand is translated into a protein

how is rna different to dna

uracil instead of thymine

ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose

single stranded

dna is used as a ? in protein synthesis

template to synthesize mRNA

how is mRNA made

rna polymerase connects complimentary bases to the dna template

what is an anticodon

codons on tRNA that binds to the complimentary codon on mRNA

mutation types

insertion, deletion, substitution

what creates a frameshift mutation

insertion / deletion

what is a mutation

a change in the dna sequence

what is a point mutation

a single nucleotide base in dna or rna is changed, added or deleted

prognosis

the likely course a disease will take over an individual’s lifetime