psychotherapy exam 3

kubler ross stages of death and loss

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

involves the constellation of internal thoughts and feeling we have when someone we love dies

grief

involves taking the internal grief we have and expressing it externally and includes the rituals and practices of an individual or community in response to a death

mourning

psychologically necessary and natural process after a signification loss. involves the stages of death and dying

grievING

Four tasks of grieving

1. accept the reality of the loss.

2. work through the pain or grief.

3. adjust to an environment where the deceased is missing.

4. emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life

uniquely individual processes and no one has a correct timetable for their completions

grief and mourning

type of talk therapy that draws on the psychodynamic therapeutic approach. Central idea is that we are shaped by our social world and relationships having good relationships is essential for our well-being and self-esteem

relational therapy

Type of psychotherapy that takes into account in which social and familial factors relate to the relationships in a person life

relational therapy

offers an alternative way of thinking about death, dying and the grieving process

relational model

emphasizes that people are born into networks of relationships and remain woven into those networks long after they die

relational model

mentality that focuses on finding comfort in developing a new relationship with the person who died rather than working through emotional stages or tasks leading to acceptance

relational model

fosters the concept of re-remembering

relational model

Continuing to foster the memory of a person's life, even after they die, by involving the person in our daily lives, in our convos, in the choices we make, and in our resources for living

remembering

a specific type of counseling practice thatacknowledges how various aspects of a patient's cultural identity mightinfluence their mental health

multicultural counseling

appreciating that individuals are not all the same and that their personal background, ethnicity, range and cultural context is an important component of who they are

multicultural counseling

Relevant factors can include issues of race, ethnicity, immigration status,religion, socioeconomic background and status, gender and genderidentity, sexual orientation, and age.

multicultural counseling

vital b/c we live in a diverse society that is only projected become more so

multicultural counseling

to effectively work w individs from various cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds, clinicians must dev what that leads to understanding the diff cultural factors contributing to a pt's wellbeing

cultural awareness

As the counselor understanding Will empower you to connect with your patients more effectively, empathize with them and Taylor your treatment plans to their lived reality

cultural awareness

Key to being aware of your own values and biases

don't make assumptions about the client either based on just parts of their lives or b/c u r applying ur own frame of reference (misconceptions, stereotyped thinking, and personal bias)

model that was dev to recognize the multidimensionality of all clients in a comprehensive and integrative way and involves 10 different factors that influence an individuals psychological development, as well as their sense of personal well-being

RESPECTFUL model

model that provides counselors with the ability to progress appropriately, ethically and holistically through each counseling session

RESPECTFUL model

r factor of RESPECTFUL model

religion and spirituality

e of RESPECTFUL model

economic class background

s of RESPECTFUL model

sexual identity

p of RESPECTFUL model

psychological maturity

other e of RESPECTFUL model

ethnic-cultural-racial identity

c of RESPECTFUL model

chronological developmental challenges

t of RESPECTFUL model

trauma and other threats to one's wellbeing

f of RESPECTFUL model

family hx and dynamics

u of RESPECTFUL model

unique physical characteristics

l of RESPECTFUL model

location of residence and language differences

steps for managing difficult clients

1. adjust ur mindset

2. listen actively

3. repeat their concerns

4. be empathetic & apologize

5. present a solution

6. consider terminating the client

7. review & learn

first priority once u realize client is unhappy, angry or resistant

put urself in a customer service mindset

most important step in managing difficult clients

listening actively

how to start a dialog w a difficult client

start w a neutral statement

"let's go over what happened" is an example of

neutral statement

"pls tell me why ur upset" is an example of

neutral statement

what subtly creates a partnership between/n u and ur client and let them know that you are ready to listen

Neutral statement

What should you not do when managing difficult clients

Don't try to solve the situation right away or jump to conclusions

what should you do to make sure you're addressing the right issue when dealing with a difficult client

repeat their concerns (and ask questions if needed to make sure youve identified the problem correctly)

What kind of wording should you use when repeating a concern to a difficult client?

Calm and objective

What can help lower anger and stress levels in difficult clients?

repeating their problem, which shows that you're listening (also helps you agree on the problem that needs to be solved)

how to present a solution if you feel you know what will make your client happy

tell them how you'd like to correct the situation

How to present a solution if ur not sure what your client wants from you or they resist your proposed solution

give them the power to resolve things ask them to identify what will make them happy

consider terminating the client when the time and resources spent satisfying their demands, can impact your own

profitability

regardless of the decision to terminate a client what can maintain or strengthen ur own reputation

Keeping your behavior, professional at all times

What should you do with your voice when dealing with an angry client?

Lower your voice

geriatric mental health focused on the psychological and emotional needs individuals over what age

60

an expert who works to enhance the quality of life overall health of elderly patients

gerontological counselor

it is important to do what when working with clients were experiencing difficulty with their own mortality

Have a strong awareness of our own issues of mortality

helps us to realize that our actions do count, that we do have choices concerning how we live, and we must accept the final responsibility the way we are living

Awareness of our own mortality

Goal of therapy with a dying person

normalize the patient's life as much as possible, pts need to remain as fully engaged in the routines of living as they can

All therapy with a dying person is to help them find what

Their power in a situation deems to be powerless. Focus on what they can do in their remaining time. help them to remain positive. And do as many things to give them positive experiences in their remaining time.

psychological needs are interconnected with, which needs

physical needs

Examples of this include fear, anger sadness, confusion, and low self-esteem the risk for clinical depression and anxiety

Psychological responses

When a patient is in distress or is anxious or has other psychological responses can directly impact their what

pain

The psychological care of a dying person is referred to as

Psychosocial support

Form of support that can alleviate anxiety and depression, to ensure that people who are dying, can enjoy the best possible quality of life in their remaining time

Psychosocial support

what Kind of people are prone to feelings of neglect loneliness, emptiness, worthlessness and helplessness due to the lack of adequate support system

old age

What can dent old ppl's confidence, and decrease their self-esteem esteem and ultimately lead to debilitating depression

dependency on family members and financial constraints

What represents one of the most prevalent and serious mental health issues faced by the elderly

depression

Three additional major areas of difficulty faced by the elderly

ageism, violence and finances

May lead to forced retirement or cause well intentioned loved ones to ignore older adults desires, and opinions

ageism

What should be used as memory aids for elderly people?

Clearly communicated directions and written reminders

elderly care - 5 daily needs of seniors that must be met

1. staying mobile

2. getting personal care

3. managing medical care

4. getting proper nutrition and exercise

5. engaging in activities and recreation

specific methods for working with elderly patients

avoid micromanaging, be patient, ask lots of questions

Is a powerful way to reexperience positive emotions

recalling past events

exercise designed to promote the skills of savoring and building positive emotions

positive reminiscence

Three steps of positive reminiscence

1. Think about a positive past event

2. savor

3. relive the experience

involves taking a few moments to relive a moment including event details and associated positive feelings

savoring

What should you avoid when reliving the experience?

analytical thoughts about the event

Excellent way for older people to you, a sense of support and camaraderie with others dealing with similar issues. May also help reduce social isolation. allow individuals to co-lead when knowledgeable about a topic.

geriatric group therapy

regardless of the mode of service delivery, what stays the same

Adherence to ethical practices and professionalism

what is even more important in virtual space because the client is not in front of you

ethical practices and professionalism

Is regular email, texting, cell phones and online video chatting apps generally HIPAA secure

no

rule of thumb for telemental health

would I do this if I were seeing the client in my office? if u even have to think about it the answer is no.

4 guidelines for telemental health

1. dress appropriate

2. no snacking

3. minimize distractions

4. have an appropriate background

most critical step in healing and moving on

forgiving someone who has done us harm or forgiving ourselves

helping clients to forgive themselves and others can put them on track toward

self healing, self empowerment, self liberation

t or f forgiveness is forgetting or condoning the harm that was done

f

letting go of the need for revenge and releasing neg thoughts of bitterness and resentment

forgiveness

passive method of forgiveness

letting time as the injury becomes less relevant to ur daily life

method of forgiveness that is a form of strength psych that uses the idea of radical forgiveness

injured person makes a deep commitment to releasing the past

involves a dual notion of taking concrete steps to forgive the offender while also surrendering to the flow of life and ascribing meaning to the suffering. can occur more rapidly and concretely but takes more energy and guidance

radical forgiveness

in strength psych is freedom for the injured person

forgiveness

2 forms of forgiveness therapy

process based forgiveness and decision based forgiveness

interventions take place over a more extended . And use cognitive behavioral and affective strategies

Process based forgiveness

significantly shorter, sometimes only one session and involve primarily cognitive strategies and the commitment to do the work of forgiving outside the session

Decision based forgiveness

Three ways to forgive yourself

1. Recognize and acknowledge that human beings are flawed and complex

2. Reframe self forgiveness as. A step toward self improvement.

3. Consider self forgiveness as second best to interpersonal forgiveness.

In psychology, who lays out the standards for psychologist and identifies behaviors that deserve punishment

APA's ethical principle of psychologists and code of conduct

apas ethical principle of psychologists and code of conduct consists of

intro, preamble, 5 general principles, and specific ethical standards

discusses the intent, organization, procedure considerations, scope of application of the ethics code

introduction

what the ethics code is, includes, and stands for

preamble

goals to guide psychologists toward the highest ideas of psych. not enforceable rules but used in considering and arriving at an ethical course of action

5 general principles

enforceable rules of conduct. goals to guide psychologists toward the highest ideals of psych

specific ethical standards

5 principles

a: beneficence and nonmalfeicense

b: fidelity and responsibility

c: integrity

d: justice

e: respect for ppls rights and dignity

cooperating with the ethics committee, reporting ethical violations, improper complaints, conflicts between b/n ethics and the law, and ethics and organizational demands etc

resolving ethical issues

continued education, delegation of work, personal problems, emergencies, using scoentific knowledge. psychologists provide services, teach, and conduct research w pops only based on their education, training, supervised experience, consultation, study

competence

sexual harassment, discrimination, avoiding harm, exploitative relationships, conflict of interest, cooperation w processionals, informed consent, interruption of services

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