AMINO ACIDS MCAT

negative (hydrophilic)

Aspartic acid (Asp) properties

negative (hydrophilic)

Glutamic acid (Glu) properties

positive (hydrophilic)

Arginine (Arg) properties

Positive (hydrophilic)

Lysine (Lys) properties

positive (hydrophilic)

Histidine (His) properties

uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

Aspargine (Asn) properties

uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

Glutamine (Gln) properties

uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

Serine (Ser) properties

uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

Threonine (Thr) properties

uncharged polar (hydrophilic)

Tyrosine (Tyr) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Alanine (Ala) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Glycine (Gly) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Valine (Val) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Leucine (Leu) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Isoleucine (Ile) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Proline (Pro) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Phenylalanine (Phe) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Methionine (Met) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Tryptophan (Trp) properties

nonpolar (hydrophobic)

Cysteine (Cys) properties

Valine

All GU codons

Alanine

All GC codons

Serine

All UC codons

Arginine

All CG codons

Threonine

All AC codons

Glycine

All GG codons

Ala

Alanine

Arg

Arginine

Asn

Asparagine

Asp

Aspartic Acid

Cys

Cysteine

Glu

Glutamate

Gln

Glutamine

Gly

Glycine

His

Histidine

Ile

Isoleucine

Leu

Leucine

Lys

Lysine

Met

Methionine

Phe

Phenylalanine

Pro

Proline

Ser

Serine

Thr

Threonine

Trp

Tryptophan

Tyr

Tyrosine

Val

Valine

A

Alanine (1)

R

Arginine (1)

N

Asparagine (1)

D

Aspartate (1)

C

Cysteine (1)

E

Glutamic Acid (1)

Q

Glutamine (1)

G

Glycine (1)

H

Histidine (1)

I

Isoleucine (1)

L

Leucine (1)

K

Lysine (1)

M

Methionine (1)

F

Phenylalanine (1)

P

Proline (1)

S

Serine (1)

T

Threonine (1)

W

Tryptophan (1)

Y

Tyrosine (1)

V

Valine (1)

Glycine

Aliphatic (non-polar)

Most simple, optically inactive

R: H

Alanine

Aliphatic, non-polar, and hydrophobic

R: methyl group

Valine

R: isopropyl

Aliphatic, non-polar, and hydrophobic

Leucine

Aliphatic, non-polar, and hydrophobic

R: isobutyl group

Isoleucine

R: sec butyl group

Aliphatic, non-polar, and hydrophobic

Proline

Aliphatic, non-polar, and hydrophobic

R: five membered ring with amino group

“found in loops”

Methionine

R: 3 Carbons with a thioether

non polar and hydrophobic

Cysteine

Polar and hydrophilic

R: methyl w/ thiol group

Phenylalanine

Aromatic and Non polar, hydrophobic

R: benzyl group

Tyrosine

Aromatic and polar, hydrophilic

R: phenol group

Tryptophan

Aromatic and hydrophobic

largest amino acid

R: five membered nitrogen ring attached to a benzene ring

Serine

polar and uncharged

R: methyl w/ terminal hydroxyl

Threonine

Aliphatic, polar, hydrophilic

R: stable C with methyl, hydroxyl, and hydrogen

Aspartic Acid

polar, hydrophilic, acidic

R: methyl carboxy

Glutamic Acid

polar, hydrophilic, acidic

R: ethyl carboxy

Arginine

Highly Basic, polar, hydrophilic

R: 3 carbon chain linked to a C full of only N's (guan group)

Lysine

Basic, polar, hydrophilic

R: butyl w/ a terminal amino group

Histidine

Charged, Basic, hydrophilic

R: imidazole ring (two double bonds and amino)

Asparagine

polar and hydrophilic

R: methyl amide

remain neutral, does not gain or lose H’s

Glutamine

polar and hydrophilic

R: ethyl amide

remain neutral, loose OH for NH2 to loose charge

Alanine PI

6.1

Arginine PI

10.7

Asparagine PI

5.43

Aspartic Acid PI

2.98

Cysteine PI

5.1

Glutamic Acid PI

3.08

Glutamine PI

5.65

Glycine PI

6.06

Histidine PI

7.64

Isoleucine PI

6.04

Leucine PI

6.04

Lysine PI

9.47

Methionine PI

5.71

Phenylalanine PI

5.76