A&P Exam 3 ch 7

Appendicular skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

Relating to the limbs - one of 2 major divisions of the skeleton

Axial skeleton

Head, neck, and trunk - one of 2 major divisions of the skeleton

Cleft plate

an opening or split in the roof of the mouth that occurs when the tissue doesn't fuse together during development in the womb.

Coccyx

four fused vertebrae extending from sacrum; “tailbone”; virtually useles

Colle’s fracture

a break in the distal end of the radius; common fracture when a falling person attempts to break his fall with outstretched hands

Conchae

form the walls of the nasal cavity; covered with mucus membrane which moistens and warms inspired air; shape of conchae increases turbulence of air flow which encourages trapping of bacteria and dust in mucus and helps warm air

Congenital

Disease or abnormal formality from birth

Craniosynostosis

premature fusion of the skull bones in the womb; corrected surgically by separating the bones and inserting biodegradable spacers

Cribiform plate

part of the ethmoid bone; forms roof of nasal cavities; holy for smell receptors to pass through à brain

False rib

Indirectly attached to stemum

Floating rib

Not attached to sternum

Fontanel

unossified remnants of fibrous membrane that allow the fetal cranium to be compressed during birth; soft spots; accommodate brain growth; posterior ossified by 1 year; anterior by 2 yearS

Herniated disc

Tear in the annulus fibrous the nucleus pulposus pushes where it’s not supposed to go

Hyoid bone

not actually part of the skull; lies inferior to the mandible; only bone in the body that does not articulate directly with any other bone; involved in swallowing and speech

Invertebrate disc

Inbetween the vertebrae- made up of Fibrocartilage

Kyphosis

dorsal thoracic curvature; due to osteoporosis or TB

Ligamentum nuchae

an elastic ligament that connects the vertebrae of the neck to the skull

Lordosis

accentuated lumbar curvature; due to pregnancy or pot-bellied men

Mastoiditis

Inflammation of the mastoid process sinus; very hard to treat and can spread to the brain; can be removed, but it’s a site of attachment for some neck muscles

Orbits

bony cavities in which the eyes are encased in fatty tissue along with the muscles

that move the eyes and lacrimal glands

Sacrum

S1-S5; fused vertebrae; posterior wall of pelvis

Scoliosis

lateral curvature of the vertebral column in the thoracic region; treated with

braces

Sella turcica

part of the sphenoid bone; holds the pituitary gland

Sutural bones

sutural bones; tiny, irregular bones that appear within sutures, most often in lambdoid; not present in all skulls; represent additional ossification centers that appeared when the skull was expanding during fetal development

Suture

interlocking joints that unite all bones of the skull except the mandible-thread together by collagen fibers

True rib

Directly attached to the sternum-strongest-protects heart and lungs