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historical information
gleaned through objects and relics that have endured from the past.
all the information that historians need to interpret the past
tangible relics, or physical remains, testimony, or stories by historical witnesses.
Historical source
provides proof that an event actually happened
historical interpretation
offers justification or an argument for why it happened
relics or remains
serve as valuable indicators for researchers seeking insights into the past.
artifacts
often discovered in locations where traces of human activities can be found.
testimonies of witnesses (oral or written form)
can serve as valuable records of historical events. provide firsthand accounts or perspectives on specific events or experiences.
legal documents
(ex. of testimonies) often created with the explicit purpose of documenting and preserving important transactions.
speeches and commentaries
can offer inside the perspectives beliefs and motivations of individuals or groups involved in historical events
political speeches
can provide insight into the ideologies and policies of a specific era
commentary by intellectuals or observers
can offer critical analysis and interpretations of historical events
the dynamic or evolutionary aspects of history
The way in which events develop
the static features of history
The way things were at a particular point in time
part of a historian's job
historian's goal
to offer interpretative explanations in addition to descriptive reports which describe what happened when where and who was involved by providing details.
narrative or literary sources
diplomatic or juridical sources
social documents
3 categories of written sources
narrative or literary sources
were created to seek and express a message
scientific piece
aims to inform current or future generations
diplomatic sources
highly considered as useful sources by expertise since they record or establish legal situations have you story been regarded as the most trustworthy and pure
social documents
bureaucracies maintain this record. information with economic, social, political or judicial value
archaeological evidence
"material evidence" immense significance as unwritten testimony of the past
oral evidence
folk songs, sagas, tales from premodern era of western history.
primary sources
purpose is to present facts. are original first hand accounts of events or periods that are typically created during or shortly after the event or period in question provide direct factual information without interpretation
secondary sources
materials created by individuals who lived long after events they describe occurred offer valuable interpretations and analysis of historical events based on primary sources.
media story
aims to influence public opinion
diaries and memoirs
are personal tales can persuade readers of the author’s viewpoint
novels and movies
can be produced for amusement, moral instruction, promote certan religion.
panegyric or hagiography
is a biography that extols the virtues and accomplishment of the subject.