Endocrine/Excretory Systems 7th

endocrine system

Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones.

Glands

organs that produce and secrete chemicals called hormones

Hormones

Chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another

negative feedback

A type of regulation that responds to a change in conditions by initiating responses that will counteract the change. Maintains a steady state.

Hypothalamus

brain region controlling the pituitary gland

pituitary gland

master gland

pineal gland

produces melatonin

thyroid gland

produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth

thymus gland

lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response

Pancreas

Regulates the level of insulin to control the amount of sugar in the blood

adrenal glands

glands that help the body recover from stress and respond to emergencies

reproductive glands

ovaries and testes

Hypothyroidism

condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity

Gigantism

a condition produced by hypersecretion of growth hormone during the early years of life

Hypoglycemia

abnormally low amnt of sugar/gluose in the blood

excretory system

the system that removes waste from your body and controls water balance

Homeostasis

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Kidneys

Filter blood from the renal arteries and produce urine as waste

Ureters

The tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Bladder

Elastic, hollow, muscular organ that provides temporary storage for urine.

Urethra

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Lungs (Excretory System)

excrete carbon dioxide during respiration

liver in excretory system

takes excess amino acids in bloodstream into nitrogen compound. nitrogen compound is then converted into urea

skin in the excretory system

excretes excess water, salts, and a small amount of urea in sweat

kidney stones

Solid crystalline masses formed in the kidney, resulting from an excess of insoluble salts or uric acid crystallizing in the urine; may become trapped anywhere along the urinary tract.

Cirrhosis

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

Hydration

Maintenance of body fluid balance

Signs of dehydration

thirst, dizziness, fatigue, weakness