Cell Parts and Functions
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Last updated 11:06 PM on 2/8/23
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106 Terms
1
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Nucleus
Known as the brain or control center of the cell and has genes
2
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
An intracellular transport system and is made of a series of channels(from the nucleus to the cell membrane) throughout the cytoplasm of the cell
3
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Centriole
Structures normally found in animal cells, not in plant cells, and are involved in animal cell reproduction
4
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Nucleolus
Involved in making ribosomes in the cell, this structure is located in the nucleus
5
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Cell membrane
The structure is the outer covering of a cell is involved in regulating the movement of materials(food,gases,elements) in and out of the cell
6
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Mitochondria
Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle because this produces energy (ATP) for cell activities. Sometimes it is called the "Powerhouse of the cell".
7
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Nuclear membrane
The double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls what enters and leaves it.
8
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Lysosomes
Structures that contain digestive enzymes
9
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Cell wall
Outside the cell membrane of a plant cell and serves as support and protection for the cell
10
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Ribosomes
Enzymes are proteins and proteins are produced in this organelle
11
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Vacuole
Sacs storing water, wastes and food are storage chambers in the cell
12
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Chloroplasts
Structures found in plants, but not animal cells that carries out photosynthesis, green body
13
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Chromatin
DNA material located in the nucleus of the cell; and during mitosis it changes and can be seen as chromosomes
14
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Cytoplasm
The area outside the nuclear membrane but inside the cell membrane, and cell parts are located here
15
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Golgi body
The structure of the cell that prepares and packages proteins for use within the cell or shipment outside the cell.
16
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Plastids
Chloroplast: "green body"; photosynthesis
17
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Leukoplast: "white body"; stores starch
18
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Chromoplast: "colored body"; stores pigments that give red, orange, yellow color to fruit, flowers, leaves
19
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All found in Plants only
20
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Phospholipid bilayer
A double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes
21
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Discovered microscope
22
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Robert Hooke
First to use the term "cells" to describe structure making up living things
23
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Robert Brown
Scottish botanist, Discovered cell nucleus
24
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Felix Dujardin
French biologist, Discovered cell is not hollow
25
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Matthias Schleiden
German botanist, Concluded all plants are made of cells
26
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Theodor Schwann
German physiologist. Concluded that all animals are made of cells
27
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Rudolf Virchow
Concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells
28
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All living things are made of cells.
29
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Cells are the basic units of life.
30
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Cells come only from other cells.
What is the cell theory?
31
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Plastids
What is the general name of organelles that are found in Elodea, potato and tomato cells, but are not found in onion cells?
32
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Starch
What does iodine test for the presence of?
33
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It turns blue and black in the presence of starch
How can you tell that starch was present in potato cells?
34
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Chromoplasts
What organelle contributes to the red color seen in tomatoes?
35
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Chloroplasts
What organelle, typical in green plant cells, was not present in the onion cells?
36
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Cell wall, Large Vacuole, and Plastids
What three general structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
37
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They both have a cell membrane, Nucleus, and Cytoplasm
What three structures does the Plant cell (Onion) and animal cell (Cheek Cell) have in common?
38
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Cell Wall and Large Central Vacuole
What two structures do the Cheek cell and Onion Cell not have in common?
39
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Cell membrane
What holds the cell together in an animal cell?
40
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Yes
Are cheek cells Eukaryotic?
41
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Yes
Are Onion Cells Eukaryotic?
42
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The both have a nucleus and prokaryotic cell's do not contain a nucleus.
How are Onion Cells and Cheek Cells Eukaryotic and not Prokaryotic?
43
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Nucleic Acids and Centrioles
List two organelles that are not visible but are in the cheek cells?
44
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Sperm Cell
Uses its tail, or flagellum, to swim rapidly to an egg cell during reproduction
45
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Nerve Cell
Transmits messages
46
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Muscle Cells
Stretch and contract, causing body movements
47
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Red Blood Cell
carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
48
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Cones
Cells in the eye that can detect color
49
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Brain Cells
The nerve cells in the brain transmit, receive, and interrupt messages
50
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Nerve Cells
Special receptors that can detect cold and heat
51
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Rods
Cells in the eye that can detect black and white
52
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Cells of the small Intestine
Absorbs nutrients
53
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Skin Cells
Form a protective body covering
54
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Nucleus
Known as the brain or control center of the cell and has genes
55
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
An intracellular transport system and is made of a series of channels(from the nucleus to the cell membrane) throughout the cytoplasm of the cell
56
New cards
Centriole
Structures normally found in animal cells, not in plant cells, and are involved in animal cell reproduction
57
New cards
Nucleolus
Involved in making ribosomes in the cell, this structure is located in the nucleus
58
New cards
Cell membrane
The structure is the outer covering of a cell is involved in regulating the movement of materials(food,gases,elements) in and out of the cell
59
New cards
Mitochondria
Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle because this produces energy (ATP) for cell activities. Sometimes it is called the "Powerhouse of the cell".
60
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Nuclear membrane
The double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls what enters and leaves it.
61
New cards
Lysosomes
Structures that contain digestive enzymes
62
New cards
Cell wall
Outside the cell membrane of a plant cell and serves as support and protection for the cell
63
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Ribosomes
Enzymes are proteins and proteins are produced in this organelle
64
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Vacuole
Sacs storing water, wastes and food are storage chambers in the cell
65
New cards
Chloroplasts
Structures found in plants, but not animal cells that carries out photosynthesis, green body
66
New cards
Chromatin
DNA material located in the nucleus of the cell; and during mitosis it changes and can be seen as chromosomes
67
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Cytoplasm
The area outside the nuclear membrane but inside the cell membrane, and cell parts are located here
68
New cards
Golgi body
The structure of the cell that prepares and packages proteins for use within the cell or shipment outside the cell.
69
New cards
Plastids
Chloroplast: "green body"; photosynthesis
70
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Leukoplast: "white body"; stores starch
71
New cards
Chromoplast: "colored body"; stores pigments that give red, orange, yellow color to fruit, flowers, leaves
72
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All found in Plants only
73
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Phospholipid bilayer
A double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes
74
New cards
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Discovered microscope
75
New cards
Robert Hooke
First to use the term "cells" to describe structure making up living things
76
New cards
Robert Brown
Scottish botanist, Discovered cell nucleus
77
New cards
Felix Dujardin
French biologist, Discovered cell is not hollow
78
New cards
Matthias Schleiden
German botanist, Concluded all plants are made of cells
79
New cards
Theodor Schwann
German physiologist. Concluded that all animals are made of cells
80
New cards
Rudolf Virchow
Concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells
81
New cards
All living things are made of cells.
82
New cards
Cells are the basic units of life.
83
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Cells come only from other cells.
What is the cell theory?
84
New cards
Plastids
What is the general name of organelles that are found in Elodea, potato and tomato cells, but are not found in onion cells?
85
New cards
Starch
What does iodine test for the presence of?
86
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It turns blue and black in the presence of starch
How can you tell that starch was present in potato cells?
87
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Chromoplasts
What organelle contributes to the red color seen in tomatoes?
88
New cards
Chloroplasts
What organelle, typical in green plant cells, was not present in the onion cells?
89
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Cell wall, Large Vacuole, and Plastids
What three general structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
90
New cards
They both have a cell membrane, Nucleus, and Cytoplasm
What three structures does the Plant cell (Onion) and animal cell (Cheek Cell) have in common?
91
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Cell Wall and Large Central Vacuole
What two structures do the Cheek cell and Onion Cell not have in common?
92
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Cell membrane
What holds the cell together in an animal cell?
93
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Yes
Are cheek cells Eukaryotic?
94
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Yes
Are Onion Cells Eukaryotic?
95
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The both have a nucleus and prokaryotic cell's do not contain a nucleus.
How are Onion Cells and Cheek Cells Eukaryotic and not Prokaryotic?
96
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Nucleic Acids and Centrioles
List two organelles that are not visible but are in the cheek cells?
97
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Sperm Cell
Uses its tail, or flagellum, to swim rapidly to an egg cell during reproduction
98
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Nerve Cell
Transmits messages
99
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Muscle Cells
Stretch and contract, causing body movements
100
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Red Blood Cell
carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
Note 
Flashcards (24)