Biology-Organelles and Functions

Vacuoles

Storage center in eukaryotic cells, but bigger in plants.

Chloroplasts

Closely stacked, flattened sacs in plants only that contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.

Ribosomes

Make protiens in all cells and are also located on the rough ER.

Vesicles

Little balls that transport materials around the cell.

Cytoplasm

Fluid inside the cell in which all the organelles are suspended. Also called cytosol.

Nucleus

The boss of the cell. It controls all the functions of EURKARYOTIC cells.

Lysosomes

Cleans up the cell. Kills excess/worn-out cell parts, macromolecules, and invading viruses/bacteria.

Cell Wall

Only in PLANT cells, made of cellulose, gives the cells structure.

Mitochondria

A double-membraned organelle that produces ATP (energy) for the cell. In eukaryotic cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Intracellular highway that can be smooth or rough. Rough=Has ribosomes and Smooth=lipid synthesis and carb metabolism.

Golgi bodies

Packages molecules for transport out of the cell.

Organelles

Tiny organs. Everything inside the cell.

Nucleolus

Where ribosomes are made.

Cell Membrane

Surrounds the cell and decides what can enter/leave. Also called lipid bilayer/plasma membrane.

Cytoskeleton

Protein strands that give the cell structure.

Cillia

Hair like structures used for movement

Nuclear Pores

Holes in the nucleus that allows molecules to enter/leave.

Flagella

Only in BACTERIA cells (except for sperm). Long whip-like structures used for movement.

Centrioles

Used in mitosis to guide chromosonial movement

Peroxisomes

Aid in breaking down substrates and toxic materials.