A layer of fatty tissue encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
New cards
2
cell body (soma)
the part of a neuron that coordinates information-processing tasks and keeps the cell alive
New cards
3
Dendrites
Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
New cards
4
axon terminal (synaptic knob)
the end of an axon
New cards
5
Serotonin
Affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal. Loss linked to depression.
New cards
6
Dopamine
control of movement and sensations of pleasure, loss leads to schizophrenia and Parkinson's
New cards
7
Acetylcholine
Arousal, attention, memory, controls voluntary and involuntary muscle contractions
New cards
8
Endorphins
involved in pain relief
New cards
9
Norepinephrine
Arousal and mood
New cards
10
GABA
Involved in sleep and inhibits movement, high amounts are released in alcohol consumption
New cards
11
Glutamate
Learning, memory formation, nervous system development, synaptic plasticity
New cards
12
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
New cards
13
peripheral nervous system
transmits information to and from the central nervous system
New cards
14
autonomic nervous system
automatically regulates glands, internal organs and blood vessels, pupil dilation, digestion, and blood pressure
New cards
15
somatic nervous system
carries sensory information and controls movement of the skeletal muscles
New cards
16
parasympathetic nervous system
Calms the body down in ordinary conditions
New cards
17
sympathetic nervous system
Arouses the body (fight or flight) in times of stress
New cards
18
motor system (efferent)
Carry messages from CNS to muscles and glands
New cards
19
sensory system (afferent)
carries messages from senses to CNS
New cards
20
amyloid beta
Protein responsible for unconscious and sleep, aggregates to more than normal in Alzheimer's
New cards
21
Pituary Gland (Master Gland)
regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands, controls salt and water levels
New cards
22
pineal gland
Keeps you awake
New cards
23
thyroid gland
produces thyroxine, helps maintain homeostasis
New cards
24
pancreas
Regulates the level of sugar in the blood
New cards
25
Adrenal glands
a pair of endocrine glands just above the kidneys. the adrenals secrete the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which help to arouse the body in times of stress.
New cards
26
Gonads
Regulate sexual growth and reproduction
New cards
27
CT scan (mapping structure)
a series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body
New cards
28
MRI scan (mapping structure)
uses radio waves and a very strong magnetic field to produce images of the soft tissue
Studied by 1 person
