IB Command Terms

AO = assessment objective

define (AO1)

Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept, or physical quantity.

draw (AO1)

Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and joined in a straight line or smooth curve.

label (AO1)

Add labels to a diagram.

list (AO1)

Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.

measure (AO1)

Obtain a value for a quantity.

state (AO1)

Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.

annotate (AO2)

Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.

calculate (AO2)

Obtain a numerical answer showing the relevant stages in the working.

describe (AO2)

Give a detailed account.

distinguish (AO2)

Make clear the differences between two or more concepts or items.

estimate (AO2)

Obtain an approximate value.

identify (AO2)

Provide an answer from a number of possibilities.

outline (AO2)

Give a brief account or summary.

analyze (AO3)

Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure.

comment (AO3)

Give a judgement based on a given statement or result of a calculation.

compare (AO3)

Give an account of the similarities between two (or more) items or situations.

compare and contrast (AO3)

Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.

construct (AO3)

Display information in a diagrammatic or logical form.

deduce (AO3)

Reach a conclusion from the information given.

design (AO3)

Produce a plan, simulation, or model.

determine (AO3)

Obtain the only possible answer.

discuss (AO3)

Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors, or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and suported by appropriate evidence.

evaluate (AO3)

Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations.

explain (AO3)

Give a detailed account including reasons or causes.

justify (AO3)

Give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion.

predict (AO3)

Give an expected result.

sketch (AO3)

Represent by means of a diagram or graph (labelled as appropriate). The sketch should give a general idea of the required shape or relationship, and should include relevant features.

suggest (AO3)

Propose a solution, hypothesis, or other possible answer.