Business glossary

Market share

% of total sales in an industry generated by a particular company (% de ventas)

Reap

Profits: get as a return (obtener, ganar)

Manufacture

Create by machine (manufacturar, fabricar)

Corporate

Relating to business corporations or to a particular business corporation (empresarial)

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

Companies’ strategy to take an active and positive social role in the environment and the world around them (to not just grow profits)

Non-profit

Not run for income (sin ánimo de lucro). The money they earn goes to the business and the project, not individuals

Partnership

Arrangement of two or more people to work together (type of organization)

Retailer

Merchant/business owner who sells goods directly to the public, typically in small quantities (comerciante al por menor)

Retail

The sale of goods or services directly to the end consumer, not other businesses (venta al por menor)

Growth strategy

Actions businesses plan to take to expand operations, increase revenue and boost market reach (estrategia de crecimiento)

Revenue

Income: company generated by selling goods or services (ingresos)

Enterprise

Large-scale organization (company) that produces goods or services (empresa)

Entrepreneurship

Business initiative -> starting, managing and growing a business (emprendimiento)

Capital intensive

Business that requires lots of capital to produce (capital intensivo)

Capital

Anything that provides value or advantage to its owner (money) (capital)

Freelance

Working for self (freelance: autónomo)

Liabilities

Legal responsibilities; financial obligations or debts that it owes to others (responsabilidades legales)

Corporation

Legal entity that separates firm’s assets from its owners and investors

Assets

Anything that has current or future economic value to a business (activos)

Incorporation

Legal process to form a corporate entity/company

Share

A unit of ownership in a company (acción)

Profit share

The percentage of distribution of profits to employees (ganancia compartida)

Dividend

Profit share -> a portion of the profit of the company is paid to its shareholders (ganancia compartida/dividendo)

Shareholder

Person/institution that has invested money in a corporation in exchange for a “share” of the ownership (accionista)

Stock market

Place where people buy and sell shares. It's like a big marketplace, but instead of goods, you're trading parts of businesses. Investors use it to make money, and companies use it to raise funds for growth (mercado de valores)

Labour pool

The source of trained people from which workers can be hired (oferta de trabajo; mercado laboral)

Performance appraisal

Process for evaluating and documenting how well an employee is doing their job (evaluación de rendimiento)

Lay-offs

When a company stops employing someone, sometimes temporarily, because the company does not have enough money or enough work (despidos)

Executive

Individuals who have C-level jobs (chief -> jefe), which are important roles. Responsible for the strategizing and decision-making for company to success (ejecutivo/a)

Appraisal

A review of an employee’s performance by their manager (valoración)

Company union

An organization formed by workers who join together and use their strength to have a voice in their workplace (sindicato de empresa)

Promotion

Advertising or special offer (promoción/publicidad, oferta especial)

Markup

What you add to prices to make money (incremento de precio)

Profit margin

How much money a company is making on its products/services after subtracting fixed and variable costs (margen de ganancia)