Ch 2: Chemical Principles

ionic bond

attraction bt oppositely charged ions

covalent bond

sharing of electrons

hydrogen bond

weak attraction bt hydrogen atom & electronegative atom

molecular weight

sum of atomic masses of all atoms in mol

exchange reaction

molecules swap parts to form new compounds

water is important to living systems because

temp buffer, solvent, common reactant, forms H-bond

acid

donated one or more H+

base

donated one or more OH-

salt

contains neither H+ nor OH-

____ are simple lipids, ____ are complex lipids, and ____ are ring-structured lipids

glyceral and fatty acids, phosphate, steroids

lipids are bonded by ____, head is ____ and tail is ____

esther linkage, polar, nonpolar

____ are building blocks of carbohydrates

monosaccharides by glycocidic bond

____ are building blocks of proteins

amino acids linked by peptide bones

primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

the sequence of aa, foldings into sheets, 3d structure, multiple polypeptide chains

nucleic acid are bonded by ____

phosphodiester

____ are building blocks of nucleic acids

pentose, phosphate, nitrogenous base