Anatomy Practice Exam 3 (Online)

List two of the seven criteria listed in your lab manual that are used to name muscles?

Location and shape

Identify the type of muscle tissue shown?

Smooth

What neurotransmitter do motor neurons use to stimulate muscle cells?

acetylcholine

Identify the indicated region of the sarcomere.

thin filaments

The indicated region of the sarcomere is composed of what protein?

actin

Identify the indicated structure.

t-tubule

Identify the indicated layer of connective tissue.

endomysium

A portion of the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle indents into the cytoplasm and surrounds the bundles of muscle filaments. This structure is called:

t-tubule

The structure formed by two terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and a transverse tubule is called:

triad

The connective tissue sheath that forms around a bundle of skeletal muscle cells is called:

perimysium

Define "insertion" as it applies to skeletal muscles

moveable site of attachment

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the extensor digitorum muscle?

action and location

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the deltoid muscle?

shape

If a muscle contracts against a load that is too heavy for the muscle to lift, what type of contraction is the muscle demonstrating?

isometric

A single contraction of a muscle is called a _____________?

twitch

The three phases of a muscle twitch are the contraction period, the latent period, and the:

relaxation period

If we require a muscle to contract until it starts to run out of ATP, what do we call the state of the muscle at that point?

fatigue

Name one action of the rectus femoris muscle.

flexion of the thigh at the hip

Name one action of the semitendinosus muscle.

extension of the thigh at the hip

Name one action of the rectus abdominis muscle.

Flexion and rotation of the vertebral column

Name one action of the pectoralis major muscle.

flexion of arm

Name one insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

mastoid process of the temporal bone

Name one insertion of the rectus femoris muscle.

tibial tuberosity

Name one insertion of the rectus abdominis muscle.

xiphoid process of the sternum

Name one insertion of the tibialis anterior muscle.

medial cuneiform bone

Name one origin of the zygomaticus major muscle.

zygomatic bone

Name one origin of the gastrocnemius muscle.

medial and lateral condyles of the femur

Name one origin of the tibialis anterior muscle.

 

lateral condyle of the tibia

Name one origin of the deltoid muscle.

acromion and spinous process of scapula

Identify the indicated muscle.

rectus abdominis

Identify the indicated muscle.

internal oblique abdominal

Identify the indicated muscle.

mentalis

Identify the indicated muscle.

levator labii superioris

Identify the indicated muscle.

corrugator supercilli

Identify the indicated muscle.

zygomaticus major

Identify the indicated muscle.

stylohyoid

Identify the indicated muscle.

sternohyoid

Identify the indicated muscle.

external intercostals

Identify the indicated muscle.

pectoralis major

Identify the indicated muscle.

diaphragm

Identify the indicated muscle.

rhomboid minor

Identify the indicated muscle.

latissimus dorsi

Identify the indicated muscle.

infraspinatus

Identify the indicated muscle.

pronator teres

Identify the indicated muscle.

extensor carpi ulnaris

Identify the indicated muscle.

extensor carpi radialis longus

Identify the indicated muscle.

psoas major

Identify the indicated muscle.

vastus lateralis

Identify the indicated muscle.

gluteus medius

Identify the indicated muscle.

semimembranosus

Identify the type of muscle tissue shown?

Cardiac

Identify the indicated structure.

triad

Identify the indicated layer of connective tissue.

perimysium

The branches at the end of an axon of a motor neuron are called:

axonal terminals

Chains of protein within the muscle cells are called:

myofilaments

The light segments of the striations of a skeletal muscle cell are called:

I-bands

What do we call muscles that aid the action of other muscles by reducing undesirable or unnecessary movement?

synergists

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the trapezius muscle?

shape

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the adductor magnus muscle?

action and relative size

If we stimulate a muscle, and then stimulate it again immediately after it has been allowed to relax, we observe that the second contraction of the muscle is slightly greater than the first. What do we call this phenomenon?

treppe

The three phases of a muscle twitch are the latent period, the relaxation period, and the:

contraction period

The three phases of a muscle twitch are the contraction period, the relaxation period, and the:

latent phase

latent period

A neuron and all of the muscle cells that it stimulates are together called a _________________?

motor unit

Name one action of the trapezius muscle.

elevation of the scapula

Name one action of the biceps brachii muscle.

flexion of the forearm at the elbow

Name one action of the gastrocnemius muscle.

plantar flexion of foot at the tarsal joints

Name one action of the platysma muscle.

tenses the skin of the neck

Name one insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle.

calcaneus

Name one insertion of the brachialis muscle.

coronoid process of the ulna

Name one insertion of the semitendinosus muscle.

medial aspect of upper tibial shaft

Name one insertion of the pectoralis major muscle.

 

intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Name one origin of the zygomaticus minor muscle.

zygomatic bone

Name one origin of the triceps brachii muscle.

 

posterior humerus

Name one origin of the pectoralis major muscle.

sternum

Name one origin of the deltoid muscle.

acromion and spinous process of scapula

Identify the indicated muscle.

transverse abdominis

Identify the indicated muscle.

platysma

Identify the indicated muscle.

depressor labii inferioris

Identify the indicated muscle.

temporalis

Identify the indicated muscle.

mylohyoid

Identify the indicated muscle.

sternocleidomastoid

Identify the indicated muscle.

supraspinatus

Identify the indicated muscle.

triceps brachii

Identify the indicated muscle.

coracobrachialis

Identify the indicated muscle.

flexor carpi ulnaris

Identify the indicated muscle.

palmaris longus

Identify the indicated muscle.

adductor longus

Identify the indicated muscle.

semitendinosus

Identify the indicated muscle.

gluteus maximus

What are the individual contractile units of a muscle cell called?

sarcomeres

Identify the indicated region of the sarcomere.

M-line

The indicated region of the sarcomere is composed of what protein?

myosin

Identify the indicated structure.

sarcoplasmic reticulum

The space between a neuron axon terminal and the target cell is called:

synaptic cleft

Bundles of protein filaments within a muscle cell are arranged into structures called:

myofibrils

Define "origin" as it applies to skeletal muscles.

immovable site of attachment

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the rectus femoris muscle?

direction of fibers and location

Which of the seven criteria used for naming a muscle applies to the biceps femoris muscle?

number of origins and location

If we place a muscle under more load than it can lift and stimulate it, what type of contraction will we produce?

isometric

The absence of what molecule is involved in the phenomenon of rigor mortis?

ATP