Spiritual Self
one of the three sections of self according to WILLIAM JAMES
Spiritual Self
It is the most intimate, inner subjective part of the self. (GREEN, 1997)
Spiritual Self
It is the most intimate version of the self because of the satisfaction experience when one thinks one's ability to argue and discriminate, of one's moral sensibility and conscience of our unconquerable will is more pure than all other sentiments of satisfaction. (GREEN, 1997)
Religion
A set of cultural beliefs an practices that usually includes some or all of basic characteristics. (REBECCA STEIN, 2011)
Spiritual Self
The choice of religious belief lies within the ____________.
Ritual (PENNER, 2017)
It is the performance of ceremonial acts prescribed by a tradition or sacred law. (PENNER, 2017)
Ritual
It is a specific, observable mode of behavior exhibited by all known societies. Thus, it is possible to view ritual as a wat of defining or describing humans.
a feeling or emotion of respect, awe, fascination, or dread in relation to the sacred.
dependence upon a belief system that is usually expressed in the language of myth and;
is symbolic in relation to its reference
3 Fundamental Characteristics of Ritual (PENNER, 2017)
1.BUDDHISM 2. CHRISTIANITY 3. HINDUISM 4. ISLAM 5. JUDAISM
Major World Religions
Buddhism
It teaches that life is unsatisfactory.
When experience is unsatisfying, we tend to crave pleasant experiences and avoid disappointing ones.
1 ethics 2 meditation 3 wisdom
The Buddha taught that way to break this cycle is to practice (1)__________ and (2), and to cultivate (3) which is a deep understanding and acceptance of things they are.
SAMATHA
VIPASSANA
Meditation practices can be divided into two:
Samatha
practices develop calm, concentration, and positive emotion
Vipassana
practices aim at developing insight into reality
Dharma, the Buddha's teaching
Developing and cultivating wisdom happens through studying and reflecting the _______________.
February: PARINIRVANA DAY May: BUDDHA DAY (Wesak) July: DHARMA DAY October: PADMASAMBHAVA DAY November: SANGHA DAY
Important Events of Buddhists
Hinduism
The term "__________ " was coined as recently as the 19th century to cover a wide range of ancient creeds, textual traditions, and religious groups.
Hinduism
is best understood as a complete way of life, a path of sanctification and discipline that leads to a higher level of consciousness.
Vedas
Hindus revere a body of texts as a sacred scriptures known as the __________ .
DIWALI
NAVRATI
The main festivals celebrated by Hindus:
Diwali
The Festival of Lights
Navrati
nine nights which celebrate the triumph of good over evil.
this takes place TWICE A YEAR
Islam
It is an Arabic word which means willing submission to God.
Allah
It is an Arabic word which means one God.
peace
The root of the word Islam comes from a word meaning __________ and Muslim believe it is the way of peace laid down in the Quran.
SHAHADA
SALAT
ZAKAT
HAJJ
SAWN
5 pillars that represent the foundation of Islamic worship and practice:
Eid ul-Fitr
The end of Ramadan marks the beginning of the festival of ___________.
Eid ul-Adha
coincides with the completion of the Hajj and unites the whole Islamic community
study and interpretation of the Torah
is an integral part of Jewish life
Semitic Tribe
The Jewish people believe to be descended from a _____________.
(1) Canaan (2) Middle East
Semitic tribe is originated in the land of (1)____________ in the (2)____________
The New Year (Rosh Hashanah)
The Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur)
The Passover (Pesach)
Pentecost (Shavuot)
Tabernacles (Sukkot)
The five festivals on which observant Jews are forbidden to work:
ROSH HASHANAH
_____________ or The New Year Day: falls in the autumn
YOM KIPPUR
_____________ or The Day of Atonement: the most solemn day of the year
Passover : PESACH
Pentecost: SHAVUOT
Tabernacles: SUKKOT
3 Pilgrim Festivals in Jews
PESACH
_____________ or Passover occurs during spring
SHAVUOT
_____________ or Pentecost occurs seven weeks later after the spring
SUKKOT
_____________ or Tabernacles takes place in the autumn
Dr. Viktor E. Frankl
Another extensive study of self can be found in the works of __________________________.
Logotherapy
Viktor E. Frankl validate a revolutionary approach to psychotherapy known as _____________.
Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy
Logotherapy has become known as the "__________________________" after that of SIGMUND FREUD & ALFRED ADLER.
By creating a work or doing a deed
By experiencing something or encountering someone
By the attitude we take toward unavailable suffering
According to logotherapy, meaning can be discovered in three ways:
Purposeful work
Courage in the face of difficulty
Love
Frankl's Sources of Meaning
BODY, MIND, AND SPIRIT
The human entity is consist of _____________, _____________, and _____________.
Logotherapy Assumptions
All psychotherapies make philosophical assumptions about human person that cannot be proved with certainty.
People have a will to meaning
People have freedom under all circumstances to activate will to find meaning
Life has a demand quality to which people must respond if decisions are to be meaningful
Life has meaning under all circumstances, even the most miserable.
Online Identity
It is a social identity that an Internet user establishes in online communities and websites.
It can also be considered as an actively constructed presentation of oneself.
Self-Presentation
is the process of controlling how one is perceived by other people.
Goffman, E. (1959) and Leary, M. R. (1995)
According to _____________ and _____________, self-presentation is the process of controlling how one is perceived by other people.
Selective Self-Presentation
is the process of creating a digital artefact which is carefully chosen representation or expression of one's real world self.
Selective Self-Presentation
explains why our behavior can change if we are being watched or observed.
Impression Management
It is a conscious or subconscious process in which people attempt to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object, or event. It is applied at first in face-to-face communication or interaction, but today it's also applied in computer-mediated communication.
DR. TIM BONO, author of When Likes Aren’t Enough
"When we derive a sense of worth based on how we are doing relative to others, we place our happiness in a variable that is completely beyond our control." It was explained by ______________.
Watch your thoughts
Speak to others about the way you are feeling
Focus on what you have
WAYS TO COMBAT SOCIAL MEDIA DEPRESSION
BELK (2013)
_______________ explained that sharing ourselves is no longer new and has been practiced as soon as human beings were formed but digital devices help us share more information broadly, than ever before.
oversharing
Facebook and other social media applications are now a key part of self-presentation for one-sixth of humanity. As a result, researchers and participants become concerned with actively managing identity and reputation and warning against the phenomenon of _____________.
Stick to safer sites
Guard your passwords
Limit what you share
Remember that anything you put online or post on a site is there forever, even if you try to delete it.
Do not be mean or embarrass other people online.
Always tell if you see strange or bad online behavior.
Be choosy about your online friends.
Be patient.
Additional guidelines for the proper sharing of information and ethical use of the internet (NEW, 2014)
Citizenship
is the legal status of being of a country and social conduct that refers to the duties and responsibilities that come with being a member of a community.
Identity
is what identifies somebody or something, this could be the name or essential self or the set of characteristics that somebody recognizes as belonging uniquely to himself or herself and constitutes his or her individual personality for life.
Identity
refers to the sameness, the fact, or the condition of being the same or exactly alike.
Citizenship
is seen as the most fundamental aspect of a nation, as such, it is concerned with the country and articulation of its decrees, dogma, and by-laws. In short, it is a sense of national identity and belongingness.
Loyalty
Obedience and Law Abiding
Honesty
Assertiveness
Carrying out Advocacy
Environment Stewardship
Gender Sensitivity
Qualities of a Filipino Citizen and Identity
Identity Construction
is also formed through institutional factors, which is the interplay of community organizations that come into the life of any Filipino citizen in one’s lifetime from womb to tomb. These may be in form of a church, government organization, non-government people’s organizations, or social media and which may influence one’s Filipino identity and citizenship.
"cognitive and motivational basis for the elaboration of beliefs and behaviors"
The construction of community identity and values from the psychosocial perspective that the individual’s claim to citizenship may mean that persons relate themselves to a group of others who also see themselves as a citizen served as a _____________________________________. (MARCH & OLSEN, 1995)
Democracy
is the free and equal representation of people and the right of every person to participate in the government by electing their representatives by majority and popular casting of votes
Jimmy Carter Speech to parliament of India June 2, 1978
“Democracy is like the experience of life itself – always changing, infinite in its variety, sometimes turbulent and all the more valuable for having been tested for adversity”
Democratic Nation
is a country that has elected government freely and equally by all its members, whereby decisions are made based on the participatory principle of good governance.
Demos
A Greek word which means the "people".
Kratein
A Greek word which means "rule"
March & Olsen shortened description of DEMOCRACY
"the commitment to individual freedom and the person’s obligation to utilize such freedom, the idea of national sovereignty and political equality, the necessity of a legal system to ensure stability and protection from arbitrary acts and decisions, and lastly the belief in the power of human rationality, in particular and decisions and choice,” (DIOKNO, 2012).
Filipinos must know how democracy really works
Lessens the country’s problems as they will become responsible and enthusiastic as well
Government officials and the public need to help each other
Many heads are better than one
Self-help at the barangay level
Encourages initiatives and wide – ranged decision making
Many centers of power
Prevents power from being concentrated in a small group to the exclusion of the majority
Affirmation of civil rights
They have the right to choose as well as to have freedom of speech and assembly
Emphasis on economic rights and social responsibility
Gives the right to vote and gives the privileges to gain all things we worked for
Address poverty calls
Equality reasons and knows how to share
Stop corruption
It might help if the salaries of NGOs and private organization (POs) are increased; Financial literacy empowerment
No more partimonialism
By being a researcher, it allows discovery of new and better leader for the future; Have your criteria in selecting government officials
Personalism
Knows the majority majority-win-rule and applies it in lives
Improve quality education in the country
Education is the key to innovation and critical thinking
Log control
Floods affect sources of income and has a domino effect on our economy
Leaders should be honest enough
To be able to serve the country
Equality of rich and poor in terms of rights
Equal democratic right and should not be based on the standards or social way of living
Economic and political powers need to be dispersed
No one individual or group exerts undue influence over the decision of others
Metacognition
is commonly defined as thinking about thinking. It is the awareness of the scope and limitations of your content knowledge and skills.
Metacognition
enables the person to adapt their existing knowledge and skills to approach a learning task, seeking for the optimum result of the learning.
Metacognition
is also not limited to the thinking process of the individual. It also includes keeping one’s emotions and motivations while learning in check.
(1) Self-Appraisal (2) Self-Management
Metacognition basically has two aspects:
Self-Appraisal
is your personal reflection on your knowledge and capabilities.
Self Management
is the mental process you employ using what you have in planning and adapting to successfully learn or accomplish a certain task.
metacognitive knowledgemetacognition regulation
elements of metacognition
personal variable
task variable
strategy variable
Variables that affect how you know or assess yourself as a thinker under metacognitive knowledge
Personal Variable
is your evaluation of your strengths and weaknesses in learning.
Task Variable
is what you know or what you think about the nature of the task, as well as what strategies the task requires.
Strategy Variable
refers to what strategies or skills you already have in dealing with certain tasks.
Knowing your limits
Modifying your approach
Skimming
Rehearsing
Self-test
Skills that can help in exercising metacognition
metacognitive knowledge
what you know about how you think
metacognition regulation
how you adjust your thinking processes to help you learn better
tacit learners
aware learners
strategic learners
reflective learners
four types of metacognitive learners