United States History Chapter 17 - AMERICA EXPANDS

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40 Terms

1

transcontinental railroad

a railroad that was the goal of many Americans that spanned

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2

Union Pacific

Chartered railroad company that worked from Omaha, Nebraska and built the transcontinental railroad westward, hired immigrant Irish

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3

Central Pacific

Chartered railroad company that worked from Sacramento, California and built the transcontinental railroad eastward, hired immigrant Chinese

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4

Pikes Peak gold rush

Gold rush in Colorado, most people were BUSTED

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5

Comstock Lode

one of the largest and richest mines in the West; gold and silver

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6

cattle drive

in which cowboys herded large numbers of cattle north, usually from texas, to Northern railroads to be shipped east

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7

cowboys

tough, hard-working men who drove cattle

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8

open ranges

public, unfenced plains that cattle in cattle drives often grazed on

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9

Homestead Act

provided 160 acres to any settler who would live on Western land for five years and “improve” it by building a dwelling on it and farming there.

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10

Oklahoma land rushes

A land rush when the US Government unfairly opened Indian territory to Homsteading - 9 million acres in 2 years

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11

soddies

houses built of earth and sod

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12

barbed wire

twisted strands of wire used to fence in homesteads

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13

Great plains

the region between the Mississippi River Valley and the Rocky Mountains

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14

David McCanles

Outlaw who was often described as a local bully

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15

Plains Indians

A group of Indian tribes that existed in the Great Plains region

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16

Sioux

Indian tribe led by Sitting Bull, one of the major opposing parties of the expanding US

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17

Custer’s Last Stand

in which General Geroge Armstrong Custer was slaughtered along with two thousand of his men by an outnumbering Indian force

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18

Sitting Bull

Primary leader of the Sioux tribe

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19

reservations

special tracts of land set aside for the Indians where they could theoretically live in peace

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20

Wounded Knee massacre

An event in which 150 Indians were killed by South Dakotans who tried to capture a band of Sioux who had fled after the death of Sitting Bull

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21

A Century of Dishonor

a book by Helen Hunt Jackson that portrayed the government’s ruthless and dishonorable dealings with the Indians

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22

Dawes Act

allowed Indian lands to be parceled out to individual Indian families to use and develop as they liked

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23

Chief Joseph

a leader of the Nez Perce tribe who fought without savagery and loved his people

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24

Maximilian I

The Napoleon-appointed Mexican ruler

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25

Treaty of Washington

Treaty that set up international tribunals to settle disputes between the US and Great Britain

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26

Matthew Perry

Commodore who made a deal with the Japanese for the US government to open trade between the two nations

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27

Pan-Americanism

a movement favoring greater cooperation and unity among the nations of the Western Hemisphere

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28

Open Door Policy

John Hay’s policy calling for free trade in China between all nations

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29

Boxer Rebellion

a violent anti foreign movement in China that was put down by American troops

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30

imperialism

extension of power by one people or country over another people or country by purchase, annexation, or conquest

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31

purchase of Alaska

action known as “Seward’s Folly”, a very cheap and very profitable land purchase by the US through William Seward

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32

Lottie Moon

American missionary to China who ministered to the Chinese people despite hostilities

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33

Jonathan and Rosalind Goforth

American missionaries to China who survived the Boxer Rebellion

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34

Yellow Journalism

one of the leading causes of the Spanish-American War: sensationalized news reporting aimed more at attracting readers than at reporting the truth.

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35

de Lome letter

one of the leading causes of the Spanish-American War: Spanish letter that denounced McKinley as “weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd.’.

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36

USS Maine

one of the leading causes of the Spanish-American War: ship that was sunk outside of Cuba that sparked the Spanish-American war

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37

Spanish-American War

brief war that resulted in the Spanish loss of Cuba

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38

Rough Riders

group of fighters for the US army in the Spanish-American war made up of cowboys, miners, college students, and adventurers who were commanded by Theodore Roosevelt

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39

Battle of Manila Bay

a battle that devastated Spanish sea power int he Pacific and left the Philippines in the hands of the United States

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40

Battle of Santiago Bay

A battle that practically ended the Spanish-American War and secured Santiago

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