Psych Test

YOU WILL ACE THIS! I BELIEVE IN YOU! YOU ARE SO SMART! :0 (remember that you will need to label things)

What is a neuron?

a nerve cell

What does the neuron do?

receives signals from other neurons or sensory organs, process these signals, and sends signals to other neurons, muscles, or body organs

What are the three types of neurons?

sensory, motor, and interneurons

What is a sensory neuron?

respond to input from sensory organs (skin, eyes, etc.)

What is a motor neuron?

send signals to muscles to control movement

What are interneurons

connect sensory neurons and motor neurons

How many neurons does the average human brain have?

100 billion neurons

What is the soma of the neuron?

the cell body, it’s the central part of the neuron contains the nucleus

What does the nucleus of the neuron do?

regulates cell functioning

What are the dendrites of the neutron?

they are what receive messages from other neutrons and relays them to the cell body

What is the axon of the neutron?

it’s what delivers messages to other neutrons

What is the myelin sheath of the neuron?

it insulates the axon and helps speed up messages

What is the synapse of the neuron?

the place where an axon of 1 neuron meets with the dendrite/cell body of another neuron

What is a knob?

a structure at the end of the axon’s branches that releases chemicals into the space between neutrons, when the neurons is fired

What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

it’s where all the nerves lie on the outside the brain and spinal cord

What are nerves?

bundles of neuron fibers (axons) that are routed together in the PNS

What is the somatic nervous system made of?

made of nerves that connect to volunteary sketetal muscles and sensory resceptors

What is the somatic nervous system in charge of?

has “cabbles'“ that carry info from receptors in skin, muscles and joints to central nervous system and carry commands from central nervous system to muscles

What is the central neveves system made of?

brain and spinal cord

What does the central neveres system do?

carries 2 kinds of nerve fibers afferent and efferent

What is an afferent nerve fiber?

axons that carry info INWARD to CNS from body

What does the afferent nevere fiber do?

brings the sensory information into the CNS

What is the efferent nerve fiber?

axons that carry info OUTWARD from CNS to body

What is the fight or flight response? Describe it.

It’s and organisms reponse to threat by preparing for attack by either fighting (attacking the situation) or flighting (fleeing from the situation)

Which system handles the fight or flight response?

the Automatic Nervous System

What is the autonomic nervous system made of?

a nerve connecting to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands

What are the two branches of the automatic neverous system?

sympathetic divison and parasympathetic division

What is the sympathetic division?

it is what mobilizes the bodies resources for emergencies also slows digestion processes, drains blood (lessons bleeded in case of injurry)

What is the parasympathetic division?

it’s what converses bodily resources (allows body to save and store energy)

What makes up central nervous system?

the brain and spinal cord

What are the 3 major regions of the brain?

hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain

What is the medulla of the hindbrain?

attached to the spinal cord and controls the unconscience, but vital functions

What are the pons of the hindbrain?

they bridge of fibers that connect brainstem w/ cerebellum

What is the cerebellum of the hindbrain?

it’s a large, deeply folded structure adjacent to brainstem

What is the reticular formation of the midbrain?

it’s the core of the brainstem and contributes to muscle reflexes, breathing, pain, preception, hegulation of sleep and arousal

What is the thalamus of the forebrain?

it’s for all sensory info (except smell) must pass thru on its way to cerebal cortex

What is the hippocampus of the forebrain?

involved in information and organization of long term memories

What is the hypothalamus of the forebrain?

it’s involved in regulation of basic biological needs

What is the amygdala of the forebrain?

responsible for fear response and memory of fear

What is the limbic system of the forebrain?

it’s the loosely connect network of structures located along boarder b/w cerebrat cortex and deeper subcortal areas

What is the cerebrum of the forebrain?

the largest and most complex part, responsible for learning, remebering, thinking and consciouness itself

What are the two parts of the cerebrum?

occipital and parietal lobe

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

located in the back of the head, most visual signals sent and visual proccessing begins here

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

it registers sense of touch, integrates visual input and monitors body’s position in space

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

devoted to auditory, if damage can impair comprehension of speech or language

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

largest lobe, controls movement of muscles

How does the division of the brain work?

by each hemisphere’s primary connection that are on opposite sides of the body

What are the functions of the left brain?

dominate for language (reasoning, remembering, planning, and problem solving)

What are the functions of the right brain?

dominate for expressiveness and creative tasks

How do signals travel through each hemisphere?

through the corpus callosum (specialization becomes apparent when the hemisphere is surgically disconnected)