Diabetes (numbers to remember)

Normal fasting blood glucose

70-99 mg/dL

Prediabetes Diagnostic Criteria: fasting plasma glucose (FPG)

100-125 mg/dL

Prediabetes Diagnostic Criteria: 2 hour post challenge glucose

140-199 mg/dL

Prediabetes Diagnostic Criteria: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1C)

5.7%-6.4%

All women not previously known to have diabetes should be screened at ____ weeks gestation

24-28 weeks

Women with GDM should be screened for diabetes ____ weeks postpartum and lifelong screening for development of diabetes or prediabetes at least every __ years

• 2-12 weeks postpartum

• every 3 years

Women who had GDM should have lifelong testing at least every _____ years

1-3 years

For everyone else, testing should begin at age __

-       If results are normal, testing should be repeated minimum of ___-year intervals

• age 45

• 3-year intervals

Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose

70-99 mg/dL

Prediabetes Fasting Plasma Glucose

100-125 mg/dL

Diabetes Fasting Plasma Glucose

>126 mg/dL

Normal 2-hour Plasma Glucose Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

<140 mg/dL

Prediabetes 2-hour Plasma Glucose Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

140-199 mg/dL

Diabetes 2-hour Plasma Glucose Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

>200 mg/dL

Diabetes Random Plasma Glucose (RPG)

>200 mg/dL

Normal Hemoglobin A1c

<5.7%

Prediabetes Hemoglobin A1c

5.7-6.4%

Diabetes Hemoglobin A1c

>6.5%

Recommendations for glycemic control for nonpregnant adults with diabetes

-       Pre-prandial capillary plasma glucose: ?

-       Peak post-prandial capillary plasma glucose: ?

-       Hemoglobin A1c: ?

• 80-130 mg/dL

• <180 mg/dL

• <7.0%

Recommendations for glycemic control for pregnant adults with diabetes: more strict*

-       Pre-prandial capillary plasma glucose: ?

-       Peak post-prandial capillary plasma glucose: ?

-       Hemoglobin A1c: ?

• <95 mg/dL

• <120 mg/dL

• <6.0%

____ is the concentration of insulin used in the US

U-100

Required insulin dosage is ______ unit/kg of body weight per day

~0.5-1 unit/kg of body weight per day

~?% off the total daily insulin dose is used to provide for basal insulin needs

~50%

____ units of insulin per ____ g of carbs consumed

• 1-1.5 units

• 10-15 g of carbs

Correction factor

o   1700 is divided by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin

Carb ration factor

o   500 is divided by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin

o   Glucose uptake is increased by ______ g/hr with moderate-intensity exercise

8-13 g/hr

o   ADD ____ g carbs for every ____ min of activity (pre v post)

• 15 g

• 30-60 min

Hypoglycemia

<70 mg/dL

Hyperglycemia

over 250 mg/dL

Diabetic Ketoacidosis:

serum glucose level >_____ mg/dL

elevated serum ketone level

pH <____

serum bicarbonate level _____

• >250 mg/dL

• <7.3

• <18 mEq/L

Sick Day Carb needs

150-200 g of carbs per day (45-50 g every 3-4 hours)

Metabolic Syndrome:

o   Intraabdominal obesity:

• Waist circumference >__ in men; >__ in women

• >40 in men

• >35 in women

Metabolic Syndrome:

o   Dyslipidemia:

• Triglycerides >___mg/dL or on meds

• HDL <___ mg/dL in males; <___ mg/dL in females

• Hypertension: BP >___/___ mm Hg

• Glucose intolerance: BG >___ mg/dL

• Triglycerides >150 mg/dL or on meds

• HDL <40 mg/dL in males; <50 mg/dL in females

• Hypertension: BP >130/80 mm Hg

• Glucose intolerance: BG >100 mg/dL